{ "category": "Logical functions", "display_name": "BYROW", "entry_kind": "built_in_function", "eval_api": { "method": "POST", "url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/api/eval" }, "function_id": "FUNC.BYROW", "implementation_state": { "answer_bank": null, "detail": "Recorded: 27 workbook cells.", "dnacalc_commit": "9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87", "in_catalogue": true, "state": "matches", "state_label": "Matches every recorded Excel answer", "summary": "Matches all 27 recorded answers", "workbook_corpus": { "cells": 27, "matched": 27 } }, "implementations": [ { "commit": "9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87", "flavour": "excel-compatibility-candidate", "language": "Rust", "name": "CalcFunc", "own_code": [ "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/lambda_helpers.rs#L452-L452", "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/lambda_helpers.rs#L232-L238" ], "repository": "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc", "shared_code": [ "catalogue/lambda_helpers::prepared", "catalogue/lambda_helpers::lambda", "catalogue/lambda_helpers::item", "catalogue/lambda_helpers::cell", "catalogue/lambda_helpers::array", "catalogue/lambda_helpers::by_task", "catalogue/lambda_helpers::helper", "catalogue/lambda_helpers::HelperTask::advance", "catalogue/lambda_helpers::run" ], "source": "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/lambda_helpers.rs#L452-L452", "state": "matches", "suite": null, "summary": "Matches all 27 recorded answers" } ], "json_url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/api/functions/FUNC.BYROW.json", "name": "BYROW", "notes": [ { "basis": "27 recorded readings in dynamic-array Excel, each with size observers.", "documentation": null, "evidence": [ { "commit": "2d0eddcac86413014643af81d646581d54ba57bc", "locator": "scalar_errors_keep_their_array_argument_origins", "note": "recorded readings pinned", "path": "apps/dna-onecalc/tests/acceptance.rs", "repository": "DnaCalc" }, { "commit": "2d0eddcac86413014643af81d646581d54ba57bc", "locator": "sheets fn2_q001 to fn2_q007, fn2_q031 to fn2_q042, fn2_q232 to fn2_q239", "note": "recorded readings", "path": "crates/calc-func/tests/captures/fn2_questions/oracle.capture.json", "repository": "DnaCalc" } ], "functions": [ "FUNC.BYCOL", "FUNC.BYROW", "FUNC.EXPAND", "FUNC.HSTACK", "FUNC.MAP", "FUNC.TAKE", "FUNC.TOCOL", "FUNC.TOROW", "FUNC.VSTACK" ], "inferred": null, "kind": "quirk", "note_id": "FN-HSTACK-001", "open": [ "Competing errors in later positions have not been read in a published capture." ], "recorded_on": "2026-11-04", "repros": [ { "call": "=HSTACK(1,#VALUE!)", "correct": null, "excel": { "bits": null, "display": "#VALUE!", "kind": "error" }, "input_route": "formula-literal", "inputs": [], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "source": { "commit": "2d0eddcac86413014643af81d646581d54ba57bc", "locator": "sheet fn2_q004, row 20, column 10", "note": null, "path": "crates/calc-func/tests/captures/fn2_questions/oracle.capture.json", "repository": "DnaCalc" } }, { "call": "=TAKE(#N/A,0)", "correct": null, "excel": { "bits": null, "display": "#N/A", "kind": "error" }, "input_route": "formula-literal", "inputs": [], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "source": { "commit": "2d0eddcac86413014643af81d646581d54ba57bc", "locator": "sheet fn2_q232, row 20, column 10", "note": null, "path": "crates/calc-func/tests/captures/fn2_questions/oracle.capture.json", "repository": "DnaCalc" } }, { "call": "=MAP(NA(),LAMBDA(xx,IFERROR(xx,3)))", "correct": null, "excel": { "bits": null, "display": "#N/A", "kind": "error" }, "input_route": "formula-literal", "inputs": [], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "source": { "commit": "2d0eddcac86413014643af81d646581d54ba57bc", "locator": "sheet fn2_q031, row 20, column 10", "note": null, "path": "crates/calc-func/tests/captures/fn2_questions/oracle.capture.json", "repository": "DnaCalc" } }, { "call": "=MAP({#N/A},LAMBDA(xx,3))", "correct": null, "excel": { "bits": "0x4008000000000000", "display": "3", "kind": "number" }, "input_route": "formula-literal", "inputs": [], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "source": { "commit": "2d0eddcac86413014643af81d646581d54ba57bc", "locator": "sheet fn2_q032, row 20, column 10", "note": null, "path": "crates/calc-func/tests/captures/fn2_questions/oracle.capture.json", "repository": "DnaCalc" } }, { "call": "=HSTACK(Data!C1,{1;2})", "correct": null, "excel": { "bits": null, "display": "{#N/A,1;#N/A,2}", "kind": "array" }, "input_route": "cell-value2", "inputs": [ { "name": "Data!C1", "value": { "bits": null, "display": "#N/A", "kind": "error" } } ], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "source": { "commit": "2d0eddcac86413014643af81d646581d54ba57bc", "locator": "sheet fn2_q238, row 20, column 10", "note": null, "path": "crates/calc-func/tests/captures/fn2_questions/oracle.capture.json", "repository": "DnaCalc" } }, { "call": "=TOCOL(#N/A,2)", "correct": null, "excel": { "bits": null, "display": "#N/A", "kind": "error" }, "input_route": "formula-literal", "inputs": [], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "source": { "commit": "2d0eddcac86413014643af81d646581d54ba57bc", "locator": "sheet fn2_q233, row 20, column 10", "note": null, "path": "crates/calc-func/tests/captures/fn2_questions/oracle.capture.json", "repository": "DnaCalc" } }, { "call": "=TOCOL({#N/A},2)", "correct": null, "excel": { "bits": null, "display": "#CALC!", "kind": "error" }, "input_route": "formula-literal", "inputs": [], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "source": { "commit": "2d0eddcac86413014643af81d646581d54ba57bc", "locator": "sheet fn2_q234, row 20, column 10", "note": null, "path": "crates/calc-func/tests/captures/fn2_questions/oracle.capture.json", "repository": "DnaCalc" } }, { "call": "=EXPAND(Data!C1,2,2,\"pad\")", "correct": null, "excel": { "bits": null, "display": "#N/A", "kind": "error" }, "input_route": "cell-value2", "inputs": [ { "name": "Data!C1", "value": { "bits": null, "display": "#N/A", "kind": "error" } } ], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "source": { "commit": "2d0eddcac86413014643af81d646581d54ba57bc", "locator": "sheet fn2_q237, row 20, column 10", "note": null, "path": "crates/calc-func/tests/captures/fn2_questions/oracle.capture.json", "repository": "DnaCalc" } }, { "call": "=BYROW(#N/A,#VALUE!)", "correct": null, "excel": { "bits": null, "display": "#N/A", "kind": "error" }, "input_route": "formula-literal", "inputs": [], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "source": { "commit": "2d0eddcac86413014643af81d646581d54ba57bc", "locator": "sheet fn2_q040, row 20, column 10", "note": null, "path": "crates/calc-func/tests/captures/fn2_questions/oracle.capture.json", "repository": "DnaCalc" } }, { "call": "=BYROW({#N/A},2)", "correct": null, "excel": { "bits": null, "display": "#VALUE!", "kind": "error" }, "input_route": "formula-literal", "inputs": [], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "source": { "commit": "2d0eddcac86413014643af81d646581d54ba57bc", "locator": "sheet fn2_q038, row 20, column 10", "note": null, "path": "crates/calc-func/tests/captures/fn2_questions/oracle.capture.json", "repository": "DnaCalc" } } ], "schema": "efh.function-note/v1", "statement": "An error written directly as an argument of these functions is the answer for the whole call. It is not placed in the result: HSTACK(1,#VALUE!) is #VALUE!, not a row holding 1 and an error, and TAKE(#N/A,0) is #N/A. With MAP the LAMBDA does not run at all: MAP(NA(),LAMBDA(xx,IFERROR(xx,3))) is #N/A. The same error inside an array, or in a referenced cell, is an ordinary element: MAP({#N/A},LAMBDA(xx,3)) is 3, and HSTACK(Data!C1,{1;2}) with #N/A in Data!C1 is a 2 by 2 array with #N/A in its first column. TOCOL and TOROW show the difference with ignore 2: TOCOL(#N/A,2) is #N/A, while TOCOL({#N/A},2) drops the error, has nothing left, and is #CALC!. EXPAND is an exception on the cell side: EXPAND(Data!C1,2,2,\"pad\") is #N/A for the whole call. BYROW and BYCOL check the direct error first too: BYROW(#N/A,#VALUE!) is #N/A, while BYROW({#N/A},2), where 2 is not a LAMBDA, is #VALUE!.", "status": "measured", "title": "A direct error stops these array functions; the same error in an array or cell is an element" } ], "schema": "efh.function-reference/v1", "section_order": [ "what-it-does", "try-it", "quirks", "how-to-implement", "version-differences", "alternatives" ], "sections": { "alternatives": "\n[BYCOL](FUNC.BYCOL.md) passes whole columns. [MAP](FUNC.MAP.md) passes individual positions and\npreserves shape. [REDUCE](FUNC.REDUCE.md) accumulates over the array rather than producing one\nanswer per row.\n\n\n\n\n", "how-to-implement": "\nExpose one row-shaped view of the input at a time, invoke the one-parameter callable, and store\nits scalar answer in the corresponding position of a one-column result. Preserve the callable\nand any references the operation requires instead of reconstructing them from cell display.\n\nValidate result shape per invocation. Do not flatten a nested result silently or reduce a\nreturned error into a logical. Keep direct argument error handling separate from errors found\ninside a row. Share this machinery with BYCOL by changing which dimension is exposed and which\noutput dimension is retained.\n\n\n", "quirks": "\nMicrosoft documents incorrect lambda parameters as `#VALUE!` and a result that is not a single\nvalue as `#CALC!`. A row-shaped input to the lambda does not mean that the lambda may return an\narbitrarily shaped array.\n\nDirect error arguments are checked before ordinary array elements. The recorded\n`BYROW(#N/A,#VALUE!)` returns `#N/A`, while `BYROW({#N/A},2)` returns `#VALUE!` for the invalid\nlambda. Keep those cases distinct when validating a helper call.\n\n\n", "sources": "\n- [Microsoft: BYROW function](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/excel/functions/byrow-function).\n- [Recorded helper error examples](../notes/FN-HSTACK-001.json).\n\n", "try-it": "\nChange the sum to `MAX(row)` or `AVERAGE(row)`. Compare the output shape with BYCOL, which\npasses columns instead and returns a row.\n\n\n", "version-differences": "\nMicrosoft lists BYROW for Microsoft 365 and Excel 2024 on Windows and Mac. The error examples\nbelow are observations on their named build, not a cross-version comparison.\n\n\n", "what-it-does": "\n`BYROW(array, lambda)` applies a one-parameter lambda to each entire row and returns one result\nper row in a single column. For `r` input rows and `c` input columns, a scalar result from each\ninvocation produces an `r`-by-one output.\n\n`=BYROW({1,2;3,4},LAMBDA(row,SUM(row)))` returns the column `{3;7}`. The lambda receives a row\narray, not one cell at a time.\n\n\n" }, "signature": { "display": "BYROW(array, lambda)", "parameters": [ { "description": null, "name": "array", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "lambda", "optional": false, "repeats": false } ], "trailing_repeats": false }, "sources": { "metadata": { "admission": { "label": "implemented", "reason": null }, "arity": { "max": 2, "min": 2 }, "category": "Logical functions", "classification": { "arg_preparation_profile": "ValuesOnlyPreAdapter", "coercion_lift_profile": "Custom", "determinism_class": "Deterministic", "error_collapse_profile": "ReductionFold", "fec_dependency_profile": "None", "host_interaction_class": "None", "kernel_signature_class": "Custom", "rich_value_usage": "RichBlind", "surface_fec_dependency_profile": "RefOnly", "thread_safety_class": "SafePure", "volatility_class": "NonVolatile" }, "descriptions": { "long": null, "short": "One result per row, from a LAMBDA called on each row", "short_source": "dna-calc-own" }, "docs": { "english_description": "Applies a LAMBDA to each row and returns an array of the results", "microsoft_url": "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/byrow-function-2e04c677-78c8-4e6b-8c10-a4602f2602bb" }, "entry_kind": "built_in_function", "localized_family_names": null, "localized_names": [ { "locale": "ar-SA", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "bg-BG", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "cs-CZ", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "da-DK", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "de-DE", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "el-GR", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "en-AU", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "en-GB", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "en-US", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "es-ES", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "et-EE", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "fi-FI", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "fr-FR", "name": "BYROW*" }, { "locale": "he-IL", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "hr-HR", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "hu-HU", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "id-ID", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "it-IT", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "ja-JP", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "ko-KR", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "lt-LT", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "lv-LV", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "nb-NO", "name": "ETTERRAD" }, { "locale": "nl-NL", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "pl-PL", "name": "WIERSZAMI" }, { "locale": "pt-BR", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "pt-PT", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "ro-RO", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "ru-RU", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "sk-SK", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "sl-SI", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "sr-Latn-RS", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "sv-SE", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "th-TH", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "tr-TR", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "uk-UA", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "vi-VN", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "zh-CN", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "zh-HK", "name": "BYROW" }, { "locale": "zh-TW", "name": "BYROW" } ], "signature": { "display": "BYROW(array, lambda)", "parameters": [ { "description": null, "name": "array", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "lambda", "optional": false, "repeats": false } ], "trailing_repeats": false }, "surface_name": "BYROW", "version_marker": null, "xlcall": null }, "microsoft": "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/byrow-function-2e04c677-78c8-4e6b-8c10-a4602f2602bb" }, "try_it": { "formula": "=BYROW({1,2;3,4},LAMBDA(r,SUM(r)))" }, "url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/functions/BYROW.html", "variants": [], "versions": [ { "behaviour": "=BYROW(#N/A,#VALUE!) returned #N/A. =BYROW({#N/A},2) returned #VALUE!. Inputs were supplied through formula literals. These are controls from this environment, not a same-input comparison with another build.", "excel_build": "16.0.20527.20088", "observations": [ { "call": "=BYROW(#N/A,#VALUE!)", "excel": { "bits": null, "display": "#N/A", "kind": "error" }, "input_route": "formula-literal", "inputs": [], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA" }, { "call": "=BYROW({#N/A},2)", "excel": { "bits": null, "display": "#VALUE!", "kind": "error" }, "input_route": "formula-literal", "inputs": [], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA" } ], "platform": "Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "sources": [ "https://github.com/DnaCalc/ExcelFunctionsHandbook/blob/3345a87/content/notes/FN-HSTACK-001.json" ] } ] }