{ "category": "Financial functions", "display_name": "CUMPRINC", "entry_kind": "built_in_function", "eval_api": { "method": "POST", "url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/api/eval" }, "function_id": "FUNC.CUMPRINC", "implementation_state": { "answer_bank": { "excel_builds": [ "20228", "20527" ], "larger_numeric": 0, "last_bit": 356, "matched": 230, "other_mismatch": 0, "refused": 0, "rows": 586, "unread": 0, "worst_ulp": 12 }, "detail": "Of 834 recorded answers (586 in the answer bank and 248 workbook cells), 524 do not match: 13 differ by more than 16 ULP, 511 differ by at most 16 ULP.", "dnacalc_commit": "9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87", "in_catalogue": true, "state": "differs", "state_label": "Known larger differences", "summary": "Known larger differences on 524 of 834 recorded answers", "workbook_corpus": { "cells": 248, "larger_numeric": 13, "last_bit": 155, "matched": 80, "worst_ulp": 14 } }, "implementations": [ { "commit": "9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87", "flavour": "excel-compatibility-candidate", "language": "Rust", "name": "CalcFunc", "own_code": [ "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/financial.rs#L225-L227", "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/ported/cumulative_finance_family.rs#L126-L146" ], "repository": "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc", "shared_code": [ "catalogue/financial::required_number", "catalogue/financial::required_num", "catalogue/financial::cumulative_out", "ported/cumulative_finance_family::validate_finite", "ported/cumulative_finance_family::trunc_positive_period", "ported/cumulative_finance_family::payment_timing_arg", "ported/cumulative_finance_family::kernel_error", "ported/cumulative_finance_family::principal_sum", "ported/cumulative_finance_family::validate_cumulative_inputs", "ported/cumulative_finance_family::map_cumulative_finance_error_to_ws", "ported/excel_numeric::backend::sqrt", "ported/excel_numeric::binary_with", "ported/excel_numeric::asuint64", "ported/excel_numeric::asdouble", "ported/excel_numeric::top12", "ported/excel_numeric::top16", "ported/excel_numeric::c2", "ported/excel_numeric::c3", "ported/excel_numeric::c4", "ported/excel_numeric::c5", "ported/excel_numeric::specialcase", "ported/excel_numeric::excel_expm1_spilled", "ported/excel_numeric::expm1_internal_graph", "ported/excel_numeric::exp_portable", "ported/excel_numeric::excel_pow_positive", "ported/excel_numeric::excel_pow_chain", "ported/excel_numeric::excel_x87_add", "ported/excel_numeric::excel_x87_sub", "ported/excel_numeric::excel_x87_mul", "ported/excel_numeric::excel_x87_div", "ported/excel_numeric::excel_x87_recip", "ported/excel_numeric::log_general_hi_lo", "ported/excel_numeric::excel_expm1", "ported/excel_numeric::excel_log1p", "ported/excel_numeric::excel_log1p_atanh", "ported/excel_numeric/x87::mul", "ported/excel_numeric/x87::add", "ported/excel_numeric/x87::sub", "ported/excel_numeric/x87::div", "ported/excel_numeric/x87::recip", "ported/excel_numeric/x87_chains::pow2_positive", "ported/excel_numeric/x87_chains::pow2", "ported/excel_numeric/x87_chains::exp_ext", "ported/excel_numeric/x87_chains::exp_with", "ported/excel_numeric/x87_chains::excel_exp", "ported/excel_numeric/x87_chains::log_with", "ported/excel_numeric/x87_chains::excel_log", "ported/financial_time_value_family::PaymentTiming::factor", "ported/financial_time_value_family::validate_finite", "ported/financial_time_value_family::growth", "ported/financial_time_value_family::annuity_term", "ported/financial_time_value_family::balance_equation", "ported/financial_time_value_family::pmt", "ported/financial_time_value_family::values_bracket_root", "ported/financial_time_value_family::bisect_rate_bracket", "ported/financial_time_value_family::search_rate_bracket_from_zero", "ported/financial_time_value_family::rate", "ported/financial_time_value_family::polish_root", "ported/financial_time_value_family::rate_root", "ported/financial_time_value_family::end_payment_quotient", "ported/financial_time_value_family::end_payment_parts", "ported/financial_time_value_family::ipmt", "ported/financial_time_value_family::ppmt", "ported/power_fn::exact_integer_magnitude", "ported/power_fn::accept_negative_base_odd_root", "ported/power_fn::binexp_positive", "ported/power_fn::power_kernel" ], "source": "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/financial.rs#L225-L227", "state": "differs", "suite": null, "summary": "Known larger differences on 524 of 834 recorded answers" } ], "json_url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/api/functions/FUNC.CUMPRINC.json", "name": "CUMPRINC", "notes": [ { "basis": "One loan block of the catalogue capture, recomputed from the recorded answers by binary64 arithmetic, and 135 recorded single-period CUMPRINC rows compared with PPMT's route.", "documentation": null, "evidence": [ { "commit": "b5d84a80a5a4640eca9ce04f232c0bc115503f34", "locator": "section UPDATE, open item 3", "note": "research write-up", "path": "content/notes/evidence/2026-11-04/annuity-EVIDENCE.txt", "repository": "ExcelFunctionsHandbook" }, { "commit": "6c6cbd31c960fe1ac07d5cce9cb33ca9d7d86cf5", "locator": null, "note": "the commit message states the 79 of 135 and the loss class", "path": "crates/calc-func/src/ported/cumulative_finance_family.rs", "repository": "DnaCalc" } ], "functions": [ "FUNC.CUMIPMT", "FUNC.CUMPRINC" ], "inferred": "That the 79 single-period differences are CUMPRINC's own and not PPMT's rests on the PPMT route, which matches every fv 0, type 0 row tested. That CUMIPMT remains count*PMT less CUMPRINC beyond this block is inferred.", "kind": "bit-matching-detail", "note_id": "FN-CUMPRINC-001", "open": [ "CUMPRINC's per-period route. Recurrences, closed balances, count*PMT less interest and binary64 variants all stay below PPMT's 56 of 135. Recorded rows now match CUMPRINC 185 of 586 and CUMIPMT 12 of 38." ], "recorded_on": "2026-11-04", "repros": [ { "call": "=CUMPRINC(0.05/12,360,200000,1,12,0)", "correct": null, "excel": { "bits": "0xc0a70d761d260042", "display": "-2950.7306911349597", "kind": "number" }, "input_route": "formula-literal", "inputs": [], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "source": { "commit": "c9f9d354165d2c20b9455c32582ea50baac7ba73", "locator": "sheet dcj9k_annuity, row 751, column 4", "note": null, "path": "crates/calc-func/tests/captures/catalogue/sections/dcj9k_annuity.capture.json", "repository": "DnaCalc" } }, { "call": "=CUMIPMT(0.05/12,360,200000,1,12,0)", "correct": null, "excel": { "bits": "0xc0c3667e7f577146", "display": "-9932.988261156377", "kind": "number" }, "input_route": "formula-literal", "inputs": [], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "source": { "commit": "c9f9d354165d2c20b9455c32582ea50baac7ba73", "locator": "sheet dcj9k_annuity, row 752, column 4", "note": null, "path": "crates/calc-func/tests/captures/catalogue/sections/dcj9k_annuity.capture.json", "repository": "DnaCalc" } }, { "call": "=PMT(0.05/12,360,200000)", "correct": null, "excel": { "bits": "0xc090c692af15f63a", "display": "-1073.6432460242781", "kind": "number" }, "input_route": "formula-literal", "inputs": [], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "source": { "commit": "c9f9d354165d2c20b9455c32582ea50baac7ba73", "locator": "sheet dcj9k_annuity, row 726, column 4", "note": null, "path": "crates/calc-func/tests/captures/catalogue/sections/dcj9k_annuity.capture.json", "repository": "DnaCalc" } } ], "schema": "efh.function-note/v1", "statement": "On the 30-year loan, CUMPRINC(0.05/12,360,200000,1,12,0) equals the left-to-right binary64 sum of Excel's own twelve PPMT answers, to the last bit, and CUMIPMT over the same periods equals 12*PMT - CUMPRINC, computed from Excel's own answers, to the last bit. That does not generalise: over recorded type 0 calls for a single period, CUMPRINC equals PPMT on 56 of 135 rows and differs on 79, with PPMT computed by the route in FN-IPMT-001.", "status": "measured", "title": "CUMPRINC follows PPMT on one loan and not in general; its own route is open" } ], "schema": "efh.function-reference/v1", "section_order": [ "what-it-does", "try-it", "quirks", "how-to-implement", "version-differences", "alternatives" ], "sections": { "alternatives": "\n### Relationships\n\n\n- **[CUMIPMT](FUNC.CUMIPMT.md)** — the interest half. `CUMIPMT + CUMPRINC` equals\n `pmt × (end_period − start_period + 1)` in exact arithmetic; in floating point the residual is\n a measurement of both functions at once.\n- **`PPMT`** — the single-period principal component and this function's summand in the\n mathematics. On a one-period range the two differ on 79 of 135 recorded rows (FN-CUMPRINC-001).\n- **`IPMT`** — the interest component, and `CUMIPMT`'s summand in the mathematics.\n- **`PMT`** — the payment every evaluation starts from. Any `PMT` error is inherited by both\n cumulative functions with the same sign in every term.\n- **`FV`, `PV`, `NPER`, `RATE`** — the other faces of the same annuity equation. The Handbook's\n research record documents that Excel does **not** share one annuity kernel across them: `PMT`\n uses a cancellation-safe discount form where `FV` and `PV` use the naive power form.\n- **`ISPMT`** — a different loan model (level principal rather than level payment); not a\n substitute.\n- **Confused with**: `PPMT` (single period versus range), and with a hand-built amortization\n table, which will disagree in the last digits precisely because it accumulates in a different\n order.\n\n\n", "how-to-implement": "\n### Numerical notes\n\n1. **The subtraction is where the digits go.** Each summand is `pmt − r × balance`; early in a\n loan those two quantities are close, so the principal component is a small difference of two\n larger numbers. That is ordinary cancellation, and it means `CUMPRINC` over an early range is\n intrinsically harder than `CUMIPMT` over the same range.\n3. **Summation order is observable**, and so is the choice between summing `PPMT` terms and\n forming `pmt × count − CUMIPMT`. Those are different functions in binary64.\n4. **The full-schedule identity is a calibration instrument.** `CUMPRINC(r, n, pv, 1, n, type)`\n should be `−pv`; the deviation is a direct, dimensioned measure of the accumulated error, and\n it needs no oracle to observe.\n5. **Boundary periods are where implementations fork**: the first period under `type` = 1, and\n the last period, where the remaining balance should land exactly on zero rather than on a\n small residual.\n\n\n", "quirks": "\n### Sign conventions\n\n\n**Money you receive is positive; money you pay is negative.** For a loan `pv` is positive — cash\nin — and every payment is negative, so **`CUMPRINC` returns a negative number**. Repaying\nprincipal is money leaving.\n\nThe full-schedule identity above is the clearest statement of the convention: borrow `pv`, repay\n`−pv`. A model that treats `CUMPRINC` as a positive \"principal repaid\" figure without negating\nit will report the loan growing.\n\n\n### Result and edge cases\n\n- **`start_period` = 1, `end_period` = `nper`** returns `−pv` in exact arithmetic. Any deviation\n is accumulated floating-point error, and measuring it is the most informative single experiment\n on this page.\n- **`type` = 1** shifts the schedule: the first payment happens before interest accrues, so the\n first period's principal component is the whole payment. This is the same first-period\n boundary an attached defect stream names for the interest side.\n- **Early periods repay little principal**, late periods almost all of it; the function is\n strongly non-linear in `start_period` even though the payment is constant.\n- **Long ranges** cost time proportional to the number of periods summed.\n- Empty, missing and error arguments follow the shared call model; see\n [The value universe](../model/01-value-universe.md) and\n [Coercion and lifting](../model/02-coercion-and-lifting.md).\n\n\n\n### Errors\n\n\nMicrosoft's Learn page for this function documents three conditions, and states the first one\nwith the inequalities the right way round:\n\n> \"If rate ≤ 0, nper ≤ 0, or pv ≤ 0, **CumPrinc** generates an error.\"\n\n| Condition (documented) | Documented outcome |\n|---|---|\n| `rate` ≤ 0, `nper` ≤ 0, or `pv` ≤ 0 | error |\n| `start_period` < 1, `end_period` < 1, or `start_period` > `end_period` | error |\n| `type` is any number other than 0 or 1 | error |\n\n**The sibling page disagrees with this one.** Microsoft's `CumIPmt` page states the same\ncondition as \"If rate > 0, nper > 0, or pv > 0 … generates an error\" — the inequalities\ninverted. Two pages documenting the same validation for two functions that share an\nimplementation cannot both be right; this page's form is the one the rest of the documentation\nand every implementation support. Recorded on [CUMIPMT](FUNC.CUMIPMT.md#errors) as a\ndocumentation defect.\n\n", "sources": "- Microsoft Learn, **WorksheetFunction.CumPrinc method (Excel)** —\n . Source of\n the parameter table, the `type` table, the consistent-units paragraph, the truncation rule and\n the three error conditions quoted above.\n- Microsoft Learn, **WorksheetFunction.CumIPmt method (Excel)** —\n . Cited for\n the inverted statement of the same error condition, recorded as a documentation defect.\n- Microsoft 365 support, **CUMPRINC function** —\n .\n The worksheet-surface page; **not retrieved** for this entry (the host returned HTTP 403).\n- Handbook evidence records `EV-FIN-0018`, `EV-FIN-0001`, `EV-FIN-0002`, `EV-FIN-0005` and\n `EV-FIN-0017`, each of which lists this surface in its subjects, and each of which carries its\n own reader warning.\n- Handbook, `content/lastbit/MATERIAL_W109_PRIMITIVES.md` §22 — the recorded finding that Excel's\n `PMT` uses a cancellation-safe form its siblings do not.\n- Handbook chapters [01 the value universe](../model/01-value-universe.md),\n [02 coercion and lifting](../model/02-coercion-and-lifting.md),\n [06 claim language](../model/06-claim-language.md),\n [07 implementation options](../model/07-implementation-options.md).\n- `data/functions/FUNC.CUMPRINC.json`, `data/presence/FUNC.CUMPRINC.json`,\n `data/battery/FUNC.CUMPRINC.json`.\n\n", "version-differences": "The recorded environments below distinguish a reading from a same-input comparison. Counts describe captured inputs in each environment; overlapping captures and comparisons are not totals of unique worksheet calls.\n\n| Excel 16.0 build | Platform and CPU | Captured inputs |\n|---|---|---:|\n| 20228 | Windows, 64-bit, CPU not recorded | 540 |\n\nThe record contains no same-input comparison between these environments. Reading different inputs on different builds does not establish either a version change or cross-build agreement.\n\n[Recorded environments and comparison details](https://github.com/DnaCalc/ExcelFunctionsHandbook/blob/5dc75391aa5125ccc5abdb095da85950980d6fd8/content/evidence/environments/FUNC.CUMPRINC.json).", "what-it-does": "\n`CUMPRINC(rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type)` returns the **total principal repaid\non a loan between two period numbers, inclusive** — the amount by which the outstanding balance\nfalls over that span.\n\nIt is built on the same level-payment annuity as its sibling. The model is one equation:\n\n> pv·(1+r)^n + pmt·(1 + r·type)·((1+r)^n − 1)/r + fv = 0\n\nSolving for the payment gives the constant `pmt`; each period then splits it:\n\n> interest in period k = r × (balance outstanding at the start of period k)\n> principal in period k = pmt − interest in period k\n\nand, in exact arithmetic,\n\n> CUMPRINC(r, n, pv, s, e, type) = Σ_{k = s}^{e} PPMT(r, k, n, pv, 0, type)\n\nIn Excel that sum holds on one loan and not in general. `CUMPRINC(0.05/12,360,200000,1,12,0)` is\nthe left-to-right binary64 sum of Excel's own twelve `PPMT` answers, to the last bit, but over\nrecorded `type` 0 calls for a single period `CUMPRINC` equals `PPMT` on 56 of 135 rows, with `PPMT`\ncomputed by the route in FN-IPMT-001 (FN-CUMPRINC-001).\n\nBecause `fv` is fixed at zero, summing over the whole schedule gives back the loan:\n`CUMPRINC(r, n, pv, 1, n, type)` is `−pv` in exact arithmetic. That identity is the single best\nsanity check available for this function, and it is exact in the mathematics and only\napproximate in binary64 — which makes it a measurement rather than an assertion.\n\n\n### Arguments\n\n\n`CUMPRINC(rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type)` — six arguments, all required, and\nidentical in meaning to [CUMIPMT](FUNC.CUMIPMT.md#arguments).\n\n| Argument | Meaning (Microsoft's wording) | Notes |\n|---|---|---|\n| `rate` | \"The interest rate.\" | **Per period**, not per year |\n| `nper` | \"The total number of payment periods.\" | Truncated to an integer |\n| `pv` | \"The present value.\" | The loan amount; positive for a loan |\n| `start_period` | \"The first period in the calculation. Payment periods are numbered beginning with 1.\" | Truncated |\n| `end_period` | \"The last period in the calculation.\" | Truncated |\n| `type` | \"The timing of the payment.\" | 0 or 1 |\n\n| `type` | Timing (Microsoft's table) |\n|---|---|\n| 0 (zero) | Payment at the end of the period |\n| 1 | Payment at the beginning of the period |\n\n**Periods are numbered from 1.** **`rate` and `nper` must use the same unit** — Microsoft:\n\"If you make monthly payments on a four-year loan at an annual interest rate of 12 percent, use\n12%/12 for rate and 4\\*12 for nper.\"\n\n" }, "signature": { "display": "CUMPRINC(rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type)", "parameters": [ { "description": null, "name": "rate", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "nper", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "pv", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "start_period", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "end_period", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "type", "optional": false, "repeats": false } ], "trailing_repeats": false }, "sources": { "metadata": { "admission": { "label": "implemented", "reason": null }, "arity": { "max": 6, "min": 6 }, "category": "Financial functions", "classification": { "arg_preparation_profile": "ValuesOnlyPreAdapter", "coercion_lift_profile": "Custom", "determinism_class": "Deterministic", "error_collapse_profile": "None", "fec_dependency_profile": "None", "host_interaction_class": "None", "kernel_signature_class": "Custom", "rich_value_usage": "RichBlind", "surface_fec_dependency_profile": "None", "thread_safety_class": "SafePure", "volatility_class": "NonVolatile" }, "descriptions": { "long": null, "short": "Principal repaid on a loan from one period to another, added up", "short_source": "dna-calc-own" }, "docs": { "english_description": "Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods", "microsoft_url": "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/cumprinc-function-94a4516d-bd65-41a1-bc16-053a6af4c04d" }, "entry_kind": "built_in_function", "localized_family_names": null, "localized_names": [ { "locale": "ar-SA", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "bg-BG", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "cs-CZ", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "da-DK", "name": "AKKUM.HOVEDSTOL" }, { "locale": "de-DE", "name": "KUMKAPITAL" }, { "locale": "el-GR", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "en-AU", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "en-GB", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "en-US", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "es-ES", "name": "PAGO.PRINC.ENTRE" }, { "locale": "et-EE", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "fi-FI", "name": "MAKSETTU.LYHENNYS" }, { "locale": "fr-FR", "name": "CUMUL.PRINCPER" }, { "locale": "he-IL", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "hr-HR", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "hu-HU", "name": "ÖSSZES.TŐKERÉSZ" }, { "locale": "id-ID", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "it-IT", "name": "CAP.CUM" }, { "locale": "ja-JP", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "ko-KR", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "lt-LT", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "lv-LV", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "nb-NO", "name": "SAMLET.HOVEDSTOL" }, { "locale": "nl-NL", "name": "CUM.HOOFDSOM" }, { "locale": "pl-PL", "name": "SPŁAC.KAPIT" }, { "locale": "pt-BR", "name": "PGTOCAPACUM" }, { "locale": "pt-PT", "name": "PGTOCAPACUM" }, { "locale": "ro-RO", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "ru-RU", "name": "ОБЩДОХОД" }, { "locale": "sk-SK", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "sl-SI", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "sr-Latn-RS", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "sv-SE", "name": "KUMPRIS" }, { "locale": "th-TH", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "tr-TR", "name": "TOPANAPARA" }, { "locale": "uk-UA", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "vi-VN", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "zh-CN", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "zh-HK", "name": "CUMPRINC" }, { "locale": "zh-TW", "name": "CUMPRINC" } ], "signature": { "display": "CUMPRINC(rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type)", "parameters": [ { "description": null, "name": "rate", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "nper", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "pv", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "start_period", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "end_period", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "type", "optional": false, "repeats": false } ], "trailing_repeats": false }, "surface_name": "CUMPRINC", "version_marker": null, "xlcall": { "code": "447", "symbol": "xlfCumprinc" } }, "microsoft": "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/cumprinc-function-94a4516d-bd65-41a1-bc16-053a6af4c04d" }, "try_it": { "formula": "=CUMPRINC(0.05/12,360,200000,1,12,0)" }, "url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/functions/CUMPRINC.html", "variants": [], "versions": [ { "behaviour": "=CUMPRINC(0.05/12,360,200000,1,12,0) returned -2950.7306911349597 (0xc0a70d761d260042). Inputs were supplied through formula literals. These are controls from this environment, not a same-input comparison with another build.", "excel_build": "16.0.20527.20088", "observations": [ { "call": "=CUMPRINC(0.05/12,360,200000,1,12,0)", "excel": { "bits": "0xc0a70d761d260042", "display": "-2950.7306911349597", "kind": "number" }, "input_route": "formula-literal", "inputs": [], "recorded_in": "Excel 16.0.20527.20088 Current Channel, Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA" } ], "platform": "Windows 64-bit (NT 10.0.26200), x86-64, AMD Ryzen 7 4800H, en-ZA", "sources": [ "https://github.com/DnaCalc/ExcelFunctionsHandbook/blob/3345a87/content/notes/FN-CUMPRINC-001.json" ] }, { "behaviour": "540 captured inputs are indexed for this environment. Capture dates: 2026-08-09 to 2026-08-09. This is a reading count, not a comparison with another build.", "excel_build": "16.0 build 20228", "platform": "Windows, 64-bit, CPU not recorded", "sources": [ "https://github.com/DnaCalc/ExcelFunctionsHandbook/blob/5dc75391aa5125ccc5abdb095da85950980d6fd8/content/evidence/environments/FUNC.CUMPRINC.json" ] } ] }