{ "category": "Database functions", "display_name": "DSTDEV", "entry_kind": "built_in_function", "eval_api": { "method": "POST", "url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/api/eval" }, "function_id": "FUNC.DSTDEV", "implementation_state": { "answer_bank": null, "detail": "Recorded: 3 workbook cells.", "dnacalc_commit": "9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87", "in_catalogue": true, "state": "matches", "state_label": "Matches every recorded Excel answer", "summary": "Matches all 3 recorded answers", "workbook_corpus": { "cells": 3, "matched": 3 } }, "implementations": [ { "commit": "9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87", "flavour": "excel-compatibility-candidate", "language": "Rust", "name": "CalcFunc", "own_code": [ "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/database.rs#L271-L271" ], "repository": "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc", "shared_code": [ "catalogue/aggregate::reader", "catalogue/aggregate::read_reference", "catalogue/comparison::numbers", "catalogue/comparison::in_band", "catalogue/comparison::Rounded::up", "catalogue/comparison::Roundings::of", "catalogue/comparison::Roundings::disjoint", "catalogue/comparison::texts", "catalogue/comparison/collation::compare", "catalogue/comparison/collation::weighed", "catalogue/comparison/collation::measured_iteration_extension", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::table", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::decode64", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::Reader::byte", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::Reader::varint", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::Reader::done", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::in_ranges", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::build", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::han_base", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::derive", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::shared_jamo_tails", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::ordinary_jamo_prefix", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::independent_jamo_suffix", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::jamo_leading_primary", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::leading_order", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::Before::separate_special", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::Gathered::kana", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::Gathered::unit", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::parts", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::diacritic_order", "catalogue/comparison/sort_key::diacritics", "catalogue/conditional::range", "catalogue/conditional::row", "catalogue/conditional::offset", "catalogue/conditional::read_range", "catalogue/conditional::verdicts", "catalogue/conditional::used", "catalogue/conditional::Match::of", "catalogue/conditional::Match::negated", "catalogue/conditional::Op::holds", "catalogue/conditional::Op::is_equality", "catalogue/conditional::spells", "catalogue/conditional::criterion", "catalogue/conditional::database_criterion", "catalogue/conditional::rank", "catalogue/conditional::criterion_text", "catalogue/conditional::decided", "catalogue/conditional::Criterion::verdict", "catalogue/conditional::equality", "catalogue/conditional::is_surrogate", "catalogue/conditional::wildcard", "catalogue/database::label", "catalogue/database::same_label", "catalogue/database::field", "catalogue/database::matching", "catalogue/database::criterion_verdict", "catalogue/database::database", "catalogue/database::published", "decimal::low32", "decimal::Natural::from_u64", "decimal::Natural::pow10", "decimal::Natural::normalize", "decimal::Natural::is_zero", "decimal::Natural::mul_add_small", "decimal::Natural::times_pow10", "decimal::Natural::times_pow5", "decimal::Natural::times_pow2", "decimal::ExactDecimal::binary", "ported/excel_numeric::excel_sqrt_staged", "ported/text_kernels::text", "ported/text_kernels::text_from_str", "ported/text_kernels::fold_unit", "ported/text_kernels::push_singleton_or_original", "ported/text_kernels::push_lower", "ported/text_kernels::lower", "ported/variance_common::variance_from_values", "ported/variance_common::stdev_from_values" ], "source": "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/database.rs#L271-L271", "state": "matches", "suite": null, "summary": "Matches all 3 recorded answers" } ], "json_url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/api/functions/FUNC.DSTDEV.json", "name": "DSTDEV", "notes": [], "schema": "efh.function-reference/v1", "section_order": [ "what-it-does", "try-it", "quirks", "how-to-implement", "version-differences", "alternatives" ], "sections": { "alternatives": "\n### Relationships\n\n\n- **[DSTDEVP](FUNC.DSTDEVP.md)** is the population form: divisor n, and one value is enough.\n- **[DVAR](FUNC.DVAR.md)** is the square of this function, and the page that carries the shared\n numerical discussion.\n- **Nearest modern equivalent**: `STDEV.S` over a filtered array. Excel's compatibility rename\n pass produced `STDEV` / `STDEV.S`; the database family was not renamed, so `DSTDEV` is not a\n deprecated name and has no `.S`-suffixed replacement.\n- **Confused with**: `DSTDEVP` (the divisor and the minimum count) and `STDEVA`, which counts\n logicals and text.\n\n\n", "how-to-implement": "\n### Notes for implementers\n\n\n1. **Compose, do not reformulate.** Computing the variance and taking its square root is what\n the reference implementation does; a more accurate direct route is a different function in\n the last bits.\n2. **Guard the count before the arithmetic.** `#DIV/0!` at n < 2 is a domain decision.\n3. **Both accumulation passes are sequential left folds** in record order, per the family's\n declared reduction policy.\n4. **Skip, do not coerce.** Admit only cells whose value kind is Number.\n5. **Numeric criteria comparison is not exact double comparison** — see the note in\n [the shared mechanism](FUNC.DAVERAGE.md#numeric-comparison-is-not-exact-double-comparison).\n\n\n", "quirks": "\n### Result and edge cases\n\n\nReturns a Number, non-negative.\n\n- **Fewer than two numeric values selected**: `#DIV/0!` — the error comes from the variance\n stage, before any square root is attempted.\n- **All selected values equal**: `0`, exactly, since the variance is exactly zero and √0 is 0.\n- **Text that looks numeric in the field column** is skipped, per the range-scan side of the\n asymmetry in\n [coercion and lifting](../model/02-coercion-and-lifting.md#direct-arguments-versus-range-scans).\n- **Logicals in the field column** are skipped.\n- **Arrays**: inline array literals resolve to grids and are accepted; `DSTDEV` is not a lift\n kernel.\n- **No negative-argument path.** Because the two-pass variance cannot be negative, the square\n root has no domain failure. An implementation using the sum-of-squares form could produce a\n negative variance and hence a `#NUM!` from the root — an error `DSTDEV` should never be able\n to return.\n\n\n\n### Errors\n\n\n| Error | Condition |\n|---|---|\n| `#DIV/0!` | Fewer than two numeric values were collected from the field column of the matching records |\n| `#VALUE!` | *database* or *criteria* is not a grid or is empty; a database header cell is blank; a criteria header names no database field; *field* matches no header, or is a non-integer or out-of-range column index |\n| propagated | An error value in a header cell, a criteria cell, or a scanned field cell surfaces as that error |\n\n", "sources": "- Microsoft, \"DSTDEV function\" —\n \n- Handbook `CHARTER.md` sections 1, 3 and 7; `content/model/06-claim-language.md`.\n- Handbook call-model chapters 02 and 03 (range-scan coercion, error folding, precision\n publication).\n- [DAVERAGE](FUNC.DAVERAGE.md) — the family's shared criteria-range mechanism;\n [DVAR](FUNC.DVAR.md) — the shared numerical account of the variance formula.\n- `data/functions/FUNC.DSTDEV.json`, `data/presence/FUNC.DSTDEV.json`.\n\n", "version-differences": "No comparison between specific Excel builds is recorded here yet. This does not establish that all builds behave alike.", "what-it-does": "\n`DSTDEV(database, field, criteria)` selects the records of *database* that satisfy *criteria*,\nreads the column named by *field*, and returns the **sample** standard deviation of the numeric\nvalues found there.\n\nWith V = [ v₁ … vₙ ] the Numbers collected from the field column of the matching records, in\nrecord order, and n = |V|:\n\n x̄ = (Σ vᵢ) / n\n s = √( Σ (vᵢ − x̄)² / (n − 1) )\n\nOperationally it is [DVAR](FUNC.DVAR.md) followed by one square root; the reference\nimplementation computes it exactly that way. Sample semantics mean the divisor is n − 1 and at\nleast two numeric values are required.\n\nNon-numeric cells in the field column — text, logicals, blanks — are skipped, so n counts\nnumbers, not records.\n\nThe selection stage — header matching, AND across a criteria row, OR down the rows, blank\ncriteria cells, and criteria-expression parsing — is identical for all twelve database functions\nand is explained once in\n[the criteria-range mechanism](FUNC.DAVERAGE.md#the-criteria-range-mechanism).\n\n### The extra rounding step\n\n`DSTDEV` is not a single rounded operation. The variance is computed and rounded to a double,\nand *then* the square root of that rounded value is taken and rounded again. The result is\ntherefore not in general the correctly rounded standard deviation of the input data: two\nroundings sit between the exact answer and the published one. IEEE-754 square root is itself\ncorrectly rounded, so the discrepancy comes entirely from the intermediate — which means an\nimplementation that computed s directly, more accurately, would *differ* from the composed\nroute on some inputs. Matching a composed route is a compatibility target, not an accuracy\ntarget, and the Handbook has not established which route Excel takes.\n\n\n\n### Arguments\n\n\nThree arguments, all required at the call site; the reference implementation declares an arity\nof exactly 3.\n\n- **`database`** — the header-plus-records range or array.\n- **`field`** — the column selector, as header text or as a 1-based column index within the\n database range. Required.\n- **`criteria`** — the header-plus-conditions range or array.\n\n\n" }, "signature": { "display": "DSTDEV(database, field, criteria)", "parameters": [ { "description": null, "name": "database", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "field", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "criteria", "optional": false, "repeats": false } ], "trailing_repeats": false }, "sources": { "metadata": { "admission": { "label": "implemented", "reason": null }, "arity": { "max": 3, "min": 3 }, "category": "Database functions", "classification": { "arg_preparation_profile": "RefsVisibleInAdapter", "coercion_lift_profile": "Custom", "determinism_class": "Deterministic", "error_collapse_profile": "ReductionFold", "fec_dependency_profile": "RefOnly", "host_interaction_class": "None", "kernel_signature_class": "Custom", "rich_value_usage": "RichBlind", "surface_fec_dependency_profile": "RefOnly", "thread_safety_class": "SafePure", "volatility_class": "NonVolatile" }, "descriptions": { "long": null, "short": "Sample standard deviation of a database column over the matching records", "short_source": "dna-calc-own" }, "docs": { "english_description": "Estimates the standard deviation based on a sample of selected database entries", "microsoft_url": "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/dstdev-function-026b8c73-616d-4b5e-b072-241871c4ab96" }, "entry_kind": "built_in_function", "localized_family_names": null, "localized_names": [ { "locale": "ar-SA", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "bg-BG", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "cs-CZ", "name": "DSMODCH.VÝBĚR" }, { "locale": "da-DK", "name": "DSTDAFV" }, { "locale": "de-DE", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "el-GR", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "en-AU", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "en-GB", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "en-US", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "es-ES", "name": "BDDESVEST" }, { "locale": "et-EE", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "fi-FI", "name": "TKESKIHAJONTA" }, { "locale": "fr-FR", "name": "BDECARTYPE*" }, { "locale": "he-IL", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "hr-HR", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "hu-HU", "name": "AB.SZÓRÁS" }, { "locale": "id-ID", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "it-IT", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "ja-JP", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "ko-KR", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "lt-LT", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "lv-LV", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "nb-NO", "name": "DSTDAV" }, { "locale": "nl-NL", "name": "DBSTDEV" }, { "locale": "pl-PL", "name": "BD.ODCH.STANDARD" }, { "locale": "pt-BR", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "pt-PT", "name": "BDDESVPAD" }, { "locale": "ro-RO", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "ru-RU", "name": "ДСТАНДОТКЛ" }, { "locale": "sk-SK", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "sl-SI", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "sr-Latn-RS", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "sv-SE", "name": "DSTDAV" }, { "locale": "th-TH", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "tr-TR", "name": "VSEÇSTDSAPMA işlevi" }, { "locale": "uk-UA", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "vi-VN", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "zh-CN", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "zh-HK", "name": "DSTDEV" }, { "locale": "zh-TW", "name": "DSTDEV" } ], "signature": { "display": "DSTDEV(database, field, criteria)", "parameters": [ { "description": null, "name": "database", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "field", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "criteria", "optional": false, "repeats": false } ], "trailing_repeats": false }, "surface_name": "DSTDEV", "version_marker": null, "xlcall": { "code": "45", "symbol": "xlfDstdev" } }, "microsoft": "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/dstdev-function-026b8c73-616d-4b5e-b072-241871c4ab96" }, "try_it": { "formula": "=DSTDEV(B2:D6,\"Amount\",F2:F3)", "inputs": { "B2": "Name", "B3": "A", "B4": "B", "B5": "C", "B6": "D", "C2": "Group", "C3": "East", "C4": "East", "C5": "West", "C6": "East", "D2": "Amount", "D3": 10, "D4": 20, "D5": 30, "D6": 40, "F2": "Group", "F3": "East" } }, "url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/functions/DSTDEV.html", "variants": [], "versions": [] }