{ "category": "Engineering functions", "display_name": "IMEXP", "entry_kind": "built_in_function", "eval_api": { "method": "POST", "url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/api/eval" }, "function_id": "FUNC.IMEXP", "implementation_state": { "answer_bank": null, "detail": "Recorded: 3 workbook cells.", "dnacalc_commit": "9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87", "in_catalogue": true, "state": "matches", "state_label": "Matches every recorded Excel answer", "summary": "Matches all 3 recorded answers", "workbook_corpus": { "cells": 3, "matched": 3 } }, "implementations": [ { "commit": "9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87", "flavour": "excel-compatibility-candidate", "language": "Rust", "name": "CalcFunc", "own_code": [ "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/engineering.rs#L197-L197" ], "repository": "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc", "shared_code": [ "catalogue/engineering::complex_of", "catalogue/engineering::complex_text", "catalogue/engineering::unary_complex", "ported/complex_decimal::nearest_even", "ported/complex_decimal::decimal_pair", "ported/complex_family::parse_ascii_decimal_15", "ported/complex_family::ParsedComplex::new", "ported/complex_family::ParsedComplex::abs", "ported/complex_family::normalize_zero", "ported/complex_family::number_to_excel_text", "ported/complex_family::format_complex_text", "ported/complex_family::parse_real_number", "ported/complex_family::find_real_imag_split", "ported/complex_family::parse_imag_coeff", "ported/complex_family::parse_complex_text", "ported/complex_family::suffix_from_operands" ], "source": "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/engineering.rs#L197-L197", "state": "matches", "suite": null, "summary": "Matches all 3 recorded answers" } ], "json_url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/api/functions/FUNC.IMEXP.json", "name": "IMEXP", "notes": [], "schema": "efh.function-reference/v1", "section_order": [ "what-it-does", "try-it", "quirks", "how-to-implement", "version-differences", "alternatives" ], "sections": { "alternatives": "\n[IMLN](FUNC.IMLN.md) is the principal logarithm; [IMPOWER](FUNC.IMPOWER.md) accepts a real exponent.\n\n\n", "how-to-implement": "\nParse the two coefficients and suffix before doing arithmetic; use the common complex formatter afterward. Retain suffix consistency, suppress a zero component and omit the coefficient one before the imaginary unit. Formatting and parsing have their own fifteen-significant-digit rules, so testing only the algebra misses observable behaviour.\n\nFor `a+bi`, compute `u=exp(a)`, then the pair `(u*cos(b),u*sin(b))`. This is the current runtime-leaf composition. At zero, `u=1`, cosine is one and sine zero, so formatting returns text one. Keep component nonfinite checks and zero handling before text assembly; an arbitrary language complex-library string is not an Excel representation.\n\n\n", "quirks": "\nComplex arguments may be real numbers or text such as `\"2-3i\"`. Use lowercase `i` or `j`; operands in one call must agree on the suffix. The current parser rejects malformed complex text with `#NUM!` and logical values with `#VALUE!`. A complex result is text, so ordinary worksheet arithmetic does not automatically treat it as a pair of numeric components. Large positive real coefficients can overflow the exponential; large negative ones can underflow. Values at imaginary multiples of a mathematical quarter turn still depend on the floating-point argument that actually arrived.\n\n\n", "sources": "\n- [Microsoft: IMEXP function](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/imexp-function-c6f8da1f-e024-4c0c-b802-a60e7147a95f), opened 6 November 2026; syntax, documented argument rules and errors.\n- [DnaCalc implementation](https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/da3ecc4fb19a3a5529708c311d0e8f05688ac165/crates/calc-func/src/ported/complex_family.rs); implementation steps and the limits identified in the text.\n\n", "try-it": "\n`=IMEXP(\"0\")` returns `\"1\"`. Mathematically `IMEXP(\"i\")` has components `cos(1)` and `sin(1)`, approximately `0.54030230586814+0.841470984807897i`.\n\n\n", "version-differences": "\nNo same-input comparison between named Excel builds is recorded for this function here. The documented behaviour below is not a measurement of every Excel release.\n\n\n", "what-it-does": "\n`IMEXP(inumber)` returns e raised to a complex power, represented as complex text. Its real input coefficient controls magnitude; the imaginary coefficient controls angle in radians.\n\n\n" }, "signature": { "display": "IMEXP(inumber)", "parameters": [ { "description": null, "name": "inumber", "optional": false, "repeats": false } ], "trailing_repeats": false }, "sources": { "metadata": { "admission": { "label": "implemented", "reason": null }, "arity": { "max": 1, "min": 1 }, "category": "Engineering functions", "classification": { "arg_preparation_profile": "ValuesOnlyPreAdapter", "coercion_lift_profile": "Custom", "determinism_class": "Deterministic", "error_collapse_profile": "None", "fec_dependency_profile": "None", "host_interaction_class": "None", "kernel_signature_class": "Custom", "rich_value_usage": "RichBlind", "surface_fec_dependency_profile": "None", "thread_safety_class": "SafePure", "volatility_class": "NonVolatile" }, "descriptions": { "long": null, "short": "e raised to a complex power", "short_source": "dna-calc-own" }, "docs": { "english_description": "Returns the exponential of a complex number", "microsoft_url": "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/imexp-function-c6f8da1f-e024-4c0c-b802-a60e7147a95f" }, "entry_kind": "built_in_function", "localized_family_names": null, "localized_names": [ { "locale": "ar-SA", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "bg-BG", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "cs-CZ", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "da-DK", "name": "IMAGEKSP" }, { "locale": "de-DE", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "el-GR", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "en-AU", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "en-GB", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "en-US", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "es-ES", "name": "IM.EXP" }, { "locale": "et-EE", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "fi-FI", "name": "KOMPLEKSI.EKSP" }, { "locale": "fr-FR", "name": "COMPLEXE.EXP*" }, { "locale": "he-IL", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "hr-HR", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "hu-HU", "name": "KÉPZ.EXP" }, { "locale": "id-ID", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "it-IT", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "ja-JP", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "ko-KR", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "lt-LT", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "lv-LV", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "nb-NO", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "nl-NL", "name": "C.EXP" }, { "locale": "pl-PL", "name": "EXP.LICZBY.ZESP" }, { "locale": "pt-BR", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "pt-PT", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "ro-RO", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "ru-RU", "name": "МНИМ.EXP" }, { "locale": "sk-SK", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "sl-SI", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "sr-Latn-RS", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "sv-SE", "name": "IMEUPPHÖJT" }, { "locale": "th-TH", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "tr-TR", "name": "SANÜS işlevi" }, { "locale": "uk-UA", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "vi-VN", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "zh-CN", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "zh-HK", "name": "IMEXP" }, { "locale": "zh-TW", "name": "IMEXP" } ], "signature": { "display": "IMEXP(inumber)", "parameters": [ { "description": null, "name": "inumber", "optional": false, "repeats": false } ], "trailing_repeats": false }, "surface_name": "IMEXP", "version_marker": null, "xlcall": { "code": "406", "symbol": "xlfImexp" } }, "microsoft": "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/imexp-function-c6f8da1f-e024-4c0c-b802-a60e7147a95f" }, "try_it": { "formula": "=IMEXP(\"0\")" }, "url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/functions/IMEXP.html", "variants": [], "versions": [] }