{ "category": "Compatibility", "display_name": "PERCENTILE", "entry_kind": "built_in_function", "eval_api": { "method": "POST", "url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/api/eval" }, "function_id": "FUNC.PERCENTILE", "implementation_state": { "answer_bank": null, "detail": "Recorded: 6 workbook cells.", "dnacalc_commit": "9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87", "in_catalogue": true, "state": "matches", "state_label": "Matches every recorded Excel answer", "summary": "Matches all 6 recorded answers", "workbook_corpus": { "cells": 6, "matched": 6 } }, "implementations": [ { "commit": "9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87", "flavour": "excel-compatibility-candidate", "language": "Rust", "name": "CalcFunc", "own_code": [ "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/statistics.rs#L302-L302" ], "repository": "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc", "shared_code": [ "catalogue/statistics::list", "catalogue/statistics::percentile", "ported/percentile_common::percentile_inc_kernel", "ported/percentile_common::percentile_exc_kernel", "ported/percentile_common::interpolate_sorted" ], "source": "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/statistics.rs#L302-L302", "state": "matches", "suite": null, "summary": "Matches all 6 recorded answers" } ], "json_url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/api/functions/FUNC.PERCENTILE.json", "name": "PERCENTILE", "notes": [], "schema": "efh.function-reference/v1", "section_order": [ "what-it-does", "try-it", "quirks", "how-to-implement", "version-differences", "alternatives" ], "sections": { "alternatives": "\n[PERCENTILE.INC](FUNC.PERCENTILE.INC.md) names the inclusive convention explicitly; [PERCENTILE.EXC](FUNC.PERCENTILE.EXC.md) uses the exclusive one. [QUARTILE](FUNC.QUARTILE.md) selects a multiple of one quarter.\n\n\n", "how-to-implement": "\n1. Collect the numeric observations using the function’s admission rules and reject an empty set. Validate `0<=k<=1`.\n2. Sort ascending, retaining repeated observations. For one observation, return it.\n3. Form the one-based rank `h=1+k*(n-1)` in the current binary64 operation order.\n4. Let `j=floor(h)`. If the rank is integral, return sorted observation `j`, converting the one-based position to a zero-based index as needed.\n5. Otherwise store `f=h-j` and interpolate `lower+f*(upper-lower)` between observations `j` and `j+1`.\n\nFor four observations and `k=0.25`, `h=1.75`, `f=0.75` and the result is `10+0.75*(20-10)=17.5`. These steps specify the indexing and interpolation. It does not identify every Excel rounding boundary: the current helper uses binary64 arithmetic, and algebraically rearranging the interpolation changes its numerical candidate.\n\n\n", "quirks": "\nAn empty numeric set gives `#NUM!`. A fraction outside `[0,1]` gives `#NUM!`; nonnumeric `k` gives `#VALUE!`. Referenced text, logical values and blanks do not become extra numeric observations, while a numeric zero does. Duplicate numbers remain separate observations: do not deduplicate a data set before finding its percentile.\n\nThe current helper returns the sole observation for any admitted `k` when `n=1`. Interpolated answers need not occur in the source data. This is a different operation from returning the nearest observed value or taking a median of hand-selected halves.\n\n\n", "sources": "\n- [Microsoft: PERCENTILE function](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/excel/functions/percentile-function), opened 6 November 2026; syntax, documented argument rules and errors.\n- [DnaCalc implementation](https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/da3ecc4fb19a3a5529708c311d0e8f05688ac165/crates/calc-func/src/ported/percentile_common.rs); implementation steps and the limits identified in the text.\n\n", "try-it": "\n`=PERCENTILE({10,20,30,40},0.25)` returns `17.5`. Its position is 1.75, between the first and second sorted observations.\n\n`=PERCENTILE({40,10,30,20},0.25)` has the same value: input order does not define the percentile. At `k=0` and `k=1`, the same data returns 10 and 40. The exclusive convention applied at `0.25` returns `12.5`, so the percentile convention is part of the question.\n\n\n", "version-differences": "\nNo same-input comparison between named Excel builds is recorded for this function here. The documented behaviour below is not a measurement of every Excel release.\n\n\n", "what-it-does": "\n`PERCENTILE(array,k)` returns a value at a fractional position in sorted numeric observations. This compatibility function uses the inclusive convention: `k=0` is the minimum, `k=1` the maximum, and `k=0.5` the median. Supply a fraction such as `0.25` or a numeric `25%`, not the number 25.\n\n\n" }, "signature": { "display": "PERCENTILE(array, k)", "parameters": [ { "description": null, "name": "array", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "k", "optional": false, "repeats": false } ], "trailing_repeats": false }, "sources": { "metadata": { "admission": { "label": "implemented", "reason": null }, "arity": { "max": 2, "min": 2 }, "category": "Compatibility", "classification": { "arg_preparation_profile": "RefsVisibleInAdapter", "coercion_lift_profile": "Custom", "determinism_class": "Deterministic", "error_collapse_profile": "None", "fec_dependency_profile": "RefOnly", "host_interaction_class": "None", "kernel_signature_class": "Custom", "rich_value_usage": "RichBlind", "surface_fec_dependency_profile": "RefOnly", "thread_safety_class": "SafePure", "volatility_class": "NonVolatile" }, "descriptions": { "long": null, "short": "Value at a given percentile, inclusive of 0 and 1 (older form)", "short_source": "dna-calc-own" }, "docs": { "english_description": "Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range", "microsoft_url": "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/percentile-function-91b43a53-543c-4708-93de-d626debdddca" }, "entry_kind": "built_in_function", "localized_family_names": null, "localized_names": [ { "locale": "ar-SA", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "bg-BG", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "cs-CZ", "name": "PERCENTIL" }, { "locale": "da-DK", "name": "FRAKTIL" }, { "locale": "de-DE", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "el-GR", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "en-AU", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "en-GB", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "en-US", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "es-ES", "name": "PERCENTIL" }, { "locale": "et-EE", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "fi-FI", "name": "PROSENTTIPISTE" }, { "locale": "fr-FR", "name": "CENTILE*" }, { "locale": "he-IL", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "hr-HR", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "hu-HU", "name": "PERCENTILIS" }, { "locale": "id-ID", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "it-IT", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "ja-JP", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "ko-KR", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "lt-LT", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "lv-LV", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "nb-NO", "name": "PERSENTIL" }, { "locale": "nl-NL", "name": "PERCENTIEL" }, { "locale": "pl-PL", "name": "PERCENTYL" }, { "locale": "pt-BR", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "pt-PT", "name": "PERCENTIL" }, { "locale": "ro-RO", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "ru-RU", "name": "ПЕРСЕНТИЛЬ" }, { "locale": "sk-SK", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "sl-SI", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "sr-Latn-RS", "name": "PERCENTIL" }, { "locale": "sv-SE", "name": "PERCENTIL" }, { "locale": "th-TH", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "tr-TR", "name": "YÜZDEBİRLİK işlevi" }, { "locale": "uk-UA", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "vi-VN", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "zh-CN", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "zh-HK", "name": "PERCENTILE" }, { "locale": "zh-TW", "name": "PERCENTILE" } ], "signature": { "display": "PERCENTILE(array, k)", "parameters": [ { "description": null, "name": "array", "optional": false, "repeats": false }, { "description": null, "name": "k", "optional": false, "repeats": false } ], "trailing_repeats": false }, "surface_name": "PERCENTILE", "version_marker": null, "xlcall": { "code": "328", "symbol": "xlfPercentile" } }, "microsoft": "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/percentile-function-91b43a53-543c-4708-93de-d626debdddca" }, "try_it": { "formula": "=PERCENTILE({10,20,30,40},0.25)" }, "url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/functions/PERCENTILE.html", "variants": [], "versions": [] }