{ "category": "Lookup and reference functions", "display_name": "ROWS", "entry_kind": "built_in_function", "eval_api": { "method": "POST", "url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/api/eval" }, "function_id": "FUNC.ROWS", "implementation_state": { "answer_bank": null, "detail": "Of 975 recorded answers (975 workbook cells), 22 do not match: 6 differ in kind or value, 16 are refused.", "dnacalc_commit": "9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87", "in_catalogue": true, "state": "differs", "state_label": "Known larger differences", "summary": "Known larger differences on 22 of 975 recorded answers", "workbook_corpus": { "cells": 979, "matched": 953, "other_mismatch": 6, "pending": 4, "refused": 16 } }, "implementations": [ { "commit": "9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87", "flavour": "excel-compatibility-candidate", "language": "Rust", "name": "CalcFunc", "own_code": [ "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/lookup.rs#L218-L224", "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/lookup.rs#L1810-L1819" ], "repository": "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc", "shared_code": [ "catalogue/lookup::eager", "catalogue/lookup::pattern", "catalogue/lookup::matches", "catalogue/lookup::Line::len", "catalogue/lookup::Line::scan", "catalogue/lookup::reader", "catalogue/lookup::cell_value", "catalogue/lookup::rows", "catalogue/lookup::columns", "catalogue/lookup::value", "catalogue/lookup::span", "catalogue/lookup::shape", "catalogue/lookup::index_number", "catalogue/lookup::index", "catalogue/lookup::selector", "catalogue/lookup::indexed", "catalogue/lookup::select", "catalogue/lookup::row", "catalogue/lookup::column", "catalogue/lookup::position_of", "catalogue/lookup::extent", "catalogue/lookup::areas" ], "source": "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/lookup.rs#L218-L224", "state": "differs", "suite": null, "summary": "Known larger differences on 22 of 975 recorded answers" } ], "json_url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/api/functions/FUNC.ROWS.json", "name": "ROWS", "notes": [], "schema": "efh.function-reference/v1", "section_order": [ "what-it-does", "try-it", "quirks", "how-to-implement", "version-differences", "alternatives" ], "sections": { "alternatives": "\n### Relationships\n\n- **`COLUMNS`** is the transpose: the horizontal extent, same shape of answer.\n- **`ROW`** is the coordinate function, not the count function — see above.\n- **`SEQUENCE(ROWS(x))`** is the modern idiom for \"one index per row of `x`\", replacing\n `ROW(INDIRECT(...))`.\n- **`TRIMRANGE`** answers the question people often ask `ROWS` by mistake: how big is the\n *populated* part of this range.\n\n\n", "how-to-implement": "\n### Notes for implementers\n\n\n- The answer must be a scalar, always. Returning a 1×1 array is wrong in a way that will not\n show up until the result is nested inside something shape-sensitive.\n- The argument must not be dereferenced. `ROWS` of a whole column must not require reading a\n million cells.\n- The 1×1-array-versus-scalar distinction is load-bearing. Argument preparation normally\n collapses a single-cell reference to a scalar; `ROWS` needs the shape that existed before\n that collapse, or it needs the reference itself.\n- Whole-column and whole-row answers are grid-size dependent and therefore workbook-\n compatibility dependent. Hard-coding the modern grid's row count makes the function silently\n wrong on legacy workbooks.\n\n\n", "quirks": "\n### Result and edge cases\n\n\nThe return kind is always a scalar number — never an array, whatever the argument's shape.\n\n- **Whole-column references** return the grid's full row count, which differs between the\n modern grid and an `.xls`-compatibility workbook. `ROWS(A:A)` is a version-scoped answer.\n- **Multi-area references** are not described by the documentation, and the Handbook has not\n verified what `ROWS` does with a union.\n- Reference resolution, and the fact that `ROWS` inspects the reference rather than its values,\n are covered in [the call pipeline](../model/03-call-pipeline.md).\n\n\n\n### Errors\n\n\nMicrosoft's documentation for `ROWS` names no error values. Observable failures come from\nelsewhere: a `#REF!` reference propagates, and an argument of the wrong kind is refused at\nentry.\n\nWhether an *error value* passed directly (`ROWS(#N/A)`) propagates or is treated as a 1×1\nshape is not documented, and the Handbook has not verified it.\n\n\n", "sources": "- Microsoft, *ROWS function* —\n \n (syntax and the row-count definition). Not retrieved for this page; the behaviour above is\n stated as documented behaviour and should be re-checked against the page.\n- Handbook `content/model/01-value-universe.md` and `content/model/03-call-pipeline.md`.\n- Handbook `data/functions/FUNC.ROWS.json` (signature, arity, classification axes).\n\n", "version-differences": "No comparison between specific Excel builds is recorded here yet. This does not establish that all builds behave alike.", "what-it-does": "\n`ROWS` returns the number of rows in its argument, as a scalar number.\n\nFor a reference, that is the row span of the referenced area: `ROWS(A5:C9)` is `5`. For a\nsingle cell it is `1`. For an array — a literal, a dynamic-array result, or the value returned\nby another function — it is the array's first dimension: `ROWS({1,2;3,4})` is `2`.\n\nThe whole function is that one sentence, which is why it is worth being exact about the two\nthings it is *not*:\n\n- **It is not `ROW`.** `ROW` reports *which* rows; `ROWS` reports *how many*. `ROW(A5:A8)` is\n the array `{5;6;7;8}`; `ROWS(A5:A8)` is `4`.\n- **It does not count populated rows.** `ROWS` measures the shape of the reference, not its\n contents. A range with three blank rows in the middle still has its full row count. Counting\n data is `COUNTA`'s job, and mistaking one for the other is the usual source of off-by-many\n errors in \"dynamic range\" formulas.\n\nThe function's real importance is structural: it is how a formula asks about the *shape* of\nsomething it was handed. `ROWS` and `COLUMNS` are the shape-introspection primitives that make\ngeneric array formulas possible, and they are what a `LAMBDA` uses to size its own work.\n\n\n\n### Arguments\n\n\n**`array`** — required, exactly one. A reference or an array whose row count is wanted. Both\nargument kinds are admissible: the argument name in the signature says `array`, but a reference\nis equally valid, and in practice references are the common case.\n\n" }, "signature": { "display": "ROWS(array)", "parameters": [ { "description": null, "name": "array", "optional": false, "repeats": false } ], "trailing_repeats": false }, "sources": { "metadata": { "admission": { "label": "implemented", "reason": null }, "arity": { "max": 1, "min": 1 }, "category": "Lookup and reference functions", "classification": { "arg_preparation_profile": "RefsVisibleInAdapter", "coercion_lift_profile": "Custom", "determinism_class": "Deterministic", "error_collapse_profile": "None", "fec_dependency_profile": "RefOnly", "host_interaction_class": "WorkbookState", "kernel_signature_class": "Custom", "rich_value_usage": "RichBlind", "surface_fec_dependency_profile": "RefOnly", "thread_safety_class": "HostSerialized", "volatility_class": "NonVolatile" }, "descriptions": { "long": null, "short": "How many rows an array or reference has", "short_source": "dna-calc-own" }, "docs": { "english_description": "Returns the number of rows in a reference", "microsoft_url": "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/rows-function-b592593e-3fc2-47f2-bec1-bda493811597" }, "entry_kind": "built_in_function", "localized_family_names": null, "localized_names": [ { "locale": "ar-SA", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "bg-BG", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "cs-CZ", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "da-DK", "name": "RÆKKER" }, { "locale": "de-DE", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "el-GR", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "en-AU", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "en-GB", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "en-US", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "es-ES", "name": "FILAS" }, { "locale": "et-EE", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "fi-FI", "name": "RIVIT" }, { "locale": "fr-FR", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "he-IL", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "hr-HR", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "hu-HU", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "id-ID", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "it-IT", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "ja-JP", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "ko-KR", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "lt-LT", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "lv-LV", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "nb-NO", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "nl-NL", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "pl-PL", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "pt-BR", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "pt-PT", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "ro-RO", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "ru-RU", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "sk-SK", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "sl-SI", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "sr-Latn-RS", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "sv-SE", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "th-TH", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "tr-TR", "name": "SATIRSAY" }, { "locale": "uk-UA", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "vi-VN", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "zh-CN", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "zh-HK", "name": "ROWS" }, { "locale": "zh-TW", "name": "ROWS" } ], "signature": { "display": "ROWS(array)", "parameters": [ { "description": null, "name": "array", "optional": false, "repeats": false } ], "trailing_repeats": false }, "surface_name": "ROWS", "version_marker": null, "xlcall": { "code": "76", "symbol": "xlfRows" } }, "microsoft": "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/rows-function-b592593e-3fc2-47f2-bec1-bda493811597" }, "try_it": { "formula": "=ROWS(B2:C4)", "inputs": { "B2": 1, "B3": 2, "B4": 3, "C2": 10, "C3": 20, "C4": 30 } }, "url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/functions/ROWS.html", "variants": [], "versions": [] }