{ "category": "Date and time functions", "display_name": "TIMEVALUE", "entry_kind": "built_in_function", "eval_api": { "method": "POST", "url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/api/eval" }, "function_id": "FUNC.TIMEVALUE", "implementation_state": { "answer_bank": null, "detail": "Recorded: 6 workbook cells.", "dnacalc_commit": "9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87", "in_catalogue": true, "state": "matches", "state_label": "Matches every recorded Excel answer", "summary": "Matches all 6 recorded answers", "workbook_corpus": { "cells": 6, "matched": 6 } }, "implementations": [ { "commit": "9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87", "flavour": "excel-compatibility-candidate", "language": "Rust", "name": "CalcFunc", "own_code": [ "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/dates.rs#L288-L294" ], "repository": "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc", "shared_code": [ "catalogue/text_format::read_value", "catalogue/text_format::profile", "catalogue/text_format::rendered", "catalogue/text_format::text", "decimal::low32", "decimal::Natural::zero", "decimal::Natural::from_u64", "decimal::Natural::pow10", "decimal::Natural::normalize", "decimal::Natural::is_zero", "decimal::Natural::mul_add_small", "decimal::Natural::times_pow10", "decimal::Natural::times_pow5", "decimal::Natural::times_pow2", "decimal::ExactDecimal::read", "decimal::ExactDecimal::binary", "format/datetime::has_invalid_exponent", "format/datetime::looks_like_datetime_format", "format/datetime::without_subseconds", "format/datetime::render_with_datetime_tokens", "format/datetime::tokenize_datetime_format", "format/datetime::elapsed_token_at", "format/datetime::classify_minute_tokens", "format/datetime::token_kind", "format/datetime::is_time_neighbor", "format/datetime::push_literal", "format/datetime::render_datetime_literal", "format/datetime::format_elapsed", "format/datetime::TimeParts::from_serial", "format::measured_host", "format::currency_literal", "format::digits", "format::fifteen", "format::split", "format::grouped", "format::general", "format::significant", "format::sections", "format::bracket", "format::is_condition", "format::is_elapsed", "format::condition_holds", "format::condition_of", "format::strip_tokens", "format::choose", "format::items", "format::numeric", "format::literal_text", "format::integer_part", "format::fraction_part", "format::scientific", "format::fraction_code", "format::FractionCode::render", "format::mixed_fraction_under_space_grouping", "format::convergent", "format::text_declared_date_locale", "format::text", "format::text_of_text", "format/names::month_name", "format/names::weekday_name", "format/names::locale_names", "locale::LocaleId::from_bcp47_language_tag", "locale::LocaleId::from_excel_lcid", "locale::short_date_order", "locale::short_date_pattern", "locale::currency_placement", "locale::currency_spacing", "locale::currency_negative_pattern", "locale::format_profile", "locale::days_from_civil", "locale::civil_from_days", "locale::ymd_from_excel_serial", "number_text::decimal", "number_text::first_precision", "number_text::near_tie", "number_text::first_rounding", "number_text::rounded", "number_text::increment", "number_text::ascii", "ported/date_kernels::days_from_civil", "ported/date_kernels::civil_from_days", "ported/date_kernels::serial_unbounded_1900", "ported/date_kernels::ymd_1900", "ported/date_kernels::is_leap", "ported/date_kernels::days_in_month", "ported/date_kernels::whole_serial", "ported/date_kernels::whole", "ported/date_kernels::weekday_sunday_one_based", "ported/date_kernels::remap_weekday", "ported/date_kernels::weekday_of", "ported/date_kernels::weekday", "ported/text_kernels::text", "ported/text_kernels::text_from_str", "ported/text_kernels::date_integer_floor", "ported/text_kernels::push_singleton_or_original", "ported/text_kernels::push_upper", "ported/text_kernels::upper", "value_text::measured_host_reader", "value_text::measured_space", "value_text::read", "value_text::number", "value_text::decimal", "value_text::fraction", "value_text::tokens", "value_text::month_named", "value_text::time_at", "value_text::full_year", "value_text::valid_day", "value_text::this_year", "value_text::serial_1900", "value_text::date_of", "value_text::date_time" ], "source": "https://github.com/DnaCalc/DnaCalc/blob/9e1884369a678158dd82d3d74188daf986995e87/crates/calc-func/src/catalogue/dates.rs#L288-L294", "state": "matches", "suite": null, "summary": "Matches all 6 recorded answers" } ], "json_url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/api/functions/FUNC.TIMEVALUE.json", "name": "TIMEVALUE", "notes": [], "schema": "efh.function-reference/v1", "section_order": [ "what-it-does", "try-it", "quirks", "how-to-implement", "version-differences", "alternatives" ], "sections": { "alternatives": "\n### Relationships\n\n\n- **[DATEVALUE](FUNC.DATEVALUE.md)** — the mirror. `DATEVALUE(t) + TIMEVALUE(t)` is the standard\n way to turn one timestamp string into one serial, and it works precisely because each function\n discards what the other keeps.\n- **[TIME](FUNC.TIME.md)** — the deterministic, locale-free alternative when the components are\n already numbers. Prefer it wherever the input is not literally text.\n- **[HOUR](FUNC.HOUR.md), [MINUTE](FUNC.MINUTE.md), [SECOND](FUNC.SECOND.md)** — the decomposition\n applied to whatever `TIMEVALUE` produces; a natural round-trip test.\n- **The `VALUE` function** — the general text-to-number conversion, whose accepted set overlaps this\n one in ways the documentation does not describe.\n\n\n", "how-to-implement": "\n### Notes for implementers\n\n\n1. **Locale is an input.** A parser with a hard-coded `HH:MM:SS` grammar implements one\n configuration of this function, not the function.\n2. **Decide, and document, the ≥24-hour policy.** The `TIME` constructor's documented modulo rule\n is a tempting default, but `TIMEVALUE` is a parser and parsers usually reject rather than wrap.\n Neither behaviour can be claimed as Excel's without observation.\n3. **Preserve the discard rule exactly.** Parsing a full timestamp and returning `frac` of the whole\n serial is *not* the same as parsing the time part, once the date part is out of range or\n ambiguous.\n4. **Do not claim compatibility from an inferred grammar.** State the forms accepted; do not state\n that they are the forms Excel accepts.\n\n\n", "quirks": "\n### Result and edge cases\n\n\nReturns a `Number` in [0, 1).\n\n- **Any date part is discarded**, so a full timestamp string yields only its time.\n- **Values at or above 24 hours** have no representation in the result's range. Whether\n `TIMEVALUE(\"25:00\")` errors, wraps to 01:00 (as [TIME](FUNC.TIME.md)'s documented modulo rule\n would), or is simply not accepted by the parser is **not documented and not checked here**. It is\n the most interesting open question about this function, because the two plausible answers come\n from two different parts of the system: the parser's grammar and the constructor's arithmetic.\n- **Fractional seconds** — whether `\"12:00:00.5\"` parses, and whether the fraction survives, is\n undocumented and unverified.\n- **Whitespace, AM/PM spelling and separators** are part of the same undocumented, locale-scoped\n accepted set that `DATEVALUE` has.\n\n\n\n### Errors\n\n\nAs documented:\n\n- `#VALUE!` when `time_text` does not represent a valid time.\n\nAn error value passed in propagates in the ordinary way. Nothing here overrides the engine rules in\n[coercion and lifting](../model/02-coercion-and-lifting.md).\n\n\n", "sources": "\n- Microsoft 365 support, **TIMEVALUE function** —\n .\n- Microsoft 365 support, **DATEVALUE function** —\n .\n Source of the mirror-image documented rules referred to above.\n- [FUNC.TIME](FUNC.TIME.md) — the constructor, its documented range and its modulo rule.\n- Handbook call-model chapter [02 coercion and lifting](../model/02-coercion-and-lifting.md).\n- `data/functions/FUNC.TIMEVALUE.json`, `data/presence/FUNC.TIMEVALUE.json`,\n `data/battery/FUNC.TIMEVALUE.json`.\n\n", "version-differences": "No comparison between specific Excel builds is recorded here yet. This does not establish that all builds behave alike.", "what-it-does": "\n`TIMEVALUE` converts text that reads as a time into the fraction of a day it denotes — the same\nkind of value [TIME](FUNC.TIME.md) constructs from three numbers, and the fractional counterpart to\nwhat [DATEVALUE](FUNC.DATEVALUE.md) produces from date text.\n\nIt is the exact mirror of `DATEVALUE`: where `DATEVALUE` parses the date part of a string and\ndiscards any time, `TIMEVALUE` parses the time part and discards any date. `TIMEVALUE(\"1/1/2024\n13:00\")` is 13:00 as a fraction, with the date thrown away.\n\nThe result is therefore always in [0, 1), and the caveats about representability on\n[TIME](FUNC.TIME.md) apply unchanged: 1/86400 is not exactly representable, so a parsed time is\ngenerally a nearby double rather than the exact value.\n\n\n### Arguments\n\n\n`TIMEVALUE(time_text)` — one required argument.\n\n**time_text** — text representing a time, or a reference to a cell containing such text. The\ndocumented examples are of the `\"6:45 PM\"` and `\"18:45\"` shape.\n\nThe misunderstood case is the same one `DATEVALUE` has: passing a cell that already holds a real\ntime. A cell holding a time holds a number, and this function exists for text that Excel did *not*\nconvert on entry — typically imported or concatenated data.\n\n\n" }, "signature": { "display": "TIMEVALUE(time_text)", "parameters": [ { "description": null, "name": "time_text", "optional": false, "repeats": false } ], "trailing_repeats": false }, "sources": { "metadata": { "admission": { "label": "implemented", "reason": null }, "arity": { "max": 1, "min": 1 }, "category": "Date and time functions", "classification": { "arg_preparation_profile": "ValuesOnlyPreAdapter", "coercion_lift_profile": "Custom", "determinism_class": "Deterministic", "error_collapse_profile": "None", "fec_dependency_profile": "LocaleProfile", "host_interaction_class": "None", "kernel_signature_class": "Custom", "rich_value_usage": "RichBlind", "surface_fec_dependency_profile": "Composite", "thread_safety_class": "SafePure", "volatility_class": "NonVolatile" }, "descriptions": { "long": null, "short": "Time serial read from a time written as text", "short_source": "dna-calc-own" }, "docs": { "english_description": "Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number", "microsoft_url": "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/timevalue-function-0b615c12-33d8-4431-bf3d-f3eb6d186645" }, "entry_kind": "built_in_function", "localized_family_names": null, "localized_names": [ { "locale": "ar-SA", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "bg-BG", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "cs-CZ", "name": "ČASHODN" }, { "locale": "da-DK", "name": "TIDSVÆRDI" }, { "locale": "de-DE", "name": "ZEITWERT" }, { "locale": "el-GR", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "en-AU", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "en-GB", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "en-US", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "es-ES", "name": "HORANUMERO" }, { "locale": "et-EE", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "fi-FI", "name": "AIKA_ARVO" }, { "locale": "fr-FR", "name": "TEMPSVAL" }, { "locale": "he-IL", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "hr-HR", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "hu-HU", "name": "IDŐÉRTÉK" }, { "locale": "id-ID", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "it-IT", "name": "ORARIO.VALORE" }, { "locale": "ja-JP", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "ko-KR", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "lt-LT", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "lv-LV", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "nb-NO", "name": "TIDSVERDI" }, { "locale": "nl-NL", "name": "TIJDWAARDE" }, { "locale": "pl-PL", "name": "CZAS.WARTOŚĆ" }, { "locale": "pt-BR", "name": "VALOR.TEMPO" }, { "locale": "pt-PT", "name": "VALOR.TEMPO" }, { "locale": "ro-RO", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "ru-RU", "name": "ВРЕМЗНАЧ" }, { "locale": "sk-SK", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "sl-SI", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "sr-Latn-RS", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "sv-SE", "name": "TIDVÄRDE" }, { "locale": "th-TH", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "tr-TR", "name": "ZAMANSAYISI" }, { "locale": "uk-UA", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "vi-VN", "name": "Hàm TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "zh-CN", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "zh-HK", "name": "TIMEVALUE" }, { "locale": "zh-TW", "name": "TIMEVALUE" } ], "signature": { "display": "TIMEVALUE(time_text)", "parameters": [ { "description": null, "name": "time_text", "optional": false, "repeats": false } ], "trailing_repeats": false }, "surface_name": "TIMEVALUE", "version_marker": null, "xlcall": { "code": "141", "symbol": "xlfTimevalue" } }, "microsoft": "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/timevalue-function-0b615c12-33d8-4431-bf3d-f3eb6d186645" }, "try_it": { "formula": "=TIMEVALUE(\"12:34:56\")" }, "url": "https://handbook.dnacalc.com/functions/TIMEVALUE.html", "variants": [], "versions": [] }