The catalogue

Function index, A to Z

Every entry in one alphabetical list. 554 entries = 531 functions + 23 operators = 534 published Excel rows + 7 split byte-variant rows + 13 added functions.

A

  • ABSAbsolute value: the number without its sign, its distance from zero
  • ACCRINTInterest accrued on a security with periodic coupons, from issue to settlement
  • ACCRINTMInterest accrued on a security that pays all its interest when it matures
  • ACOSAngle in radians, from 0 to pi, whose cosine is the given number
  • ACOSHInverse of the hyperbolic cosine
  • ACOTAngle in radians, from 0 to pi, whose cotangent is the given number
  • ACOTHInverse of the hyperbolic cotangent
  • ADDRESSText of a cell reference built from a row and a column number
  • AGGREGATEOne of nineteen summaries (sum, average, percentile and more) of a range, optionally skipping errors, hidden rows and nested subtotals
  • AMORDEGRCFrench accounting depreciation for one period, with a coefficient that depends on the asset's life
  • AMORLINCFrench accounting straight-line depreciation for one period, prorated in the first period
  • ANDTRUE only when every argument is TRUE
  • ARABICNumber written by a Roman numeral
  • AREASHow many separate areas a reference covers
  • ARRAYTOTEXTOne text holding all the values of an array or range
  • ASCText with full-width (double-byte) characters turned into their half-width forms
  • ASINAngle in radians, from -pi/2 to pi/2, whose sine is the given number
  • ASINHInverse of the hyperbolic sine
  • ATANAngle in radians, between -pi/2 and pi/2, whose tangent is the given number
  • ATAN2Angle in radians from the positive x-axis to the point (x, y), between -pi and pi
  • ATANHInverse of the hyperbolic tangent
  • AVEDEVMean of the absolute distances of the values from their mean
  • AVERAGEArithmetic mean of the numbers given
  • AVERAGEAArithmetic mean that also counts text as 0 and logical values as 1 or 0
  • AVERAGEIFMean of the cells that meet one condition
  • AVERAGEIFSMean of the cells that meet every one of several conditions

B

  • BAHTTEXTA number spelled out in Thai words as an amount in baht
  • BASEA number written as text in another base (radix 2 to 36)
  • BESSELIModified Bessel function of the first kind, I_n(x)
  • BESSELJBessel function of the first kind, J_n(x)
  • BESSELKModified Bessel function of the second kind, K_n(x)
  • BESSELYBessel function of the second kind, Y_n(x)
  • BETA.DISTBeta distribution: the density or the cumulative probability, on an optional interval
  • BETA.INVThe value at which the cumulative beta distribution reaches a given probability
  • BETADISTCumulative beta probability (the older form of BETA.DIST)
  • BETAINVInverse of the cumulative beta distribution (the older form of BETA.INV)
  • BIN2DECDecimal value of a binary number given as text
  • BIN2HEXBinary number rewritten in hexadecimal
  • BIN2OCTBinary number rewritten in octal
  • BINOM.DISTBinomial distribution: the chance of a number of successes in a number of trials, as a single value or cumulative
  • BINOM.DIST.RANGEChance that the number of binomial successes falls between two bounds
  • BINOM.INVFewest successes whose cumulative binomial probability reaches a target
  • BINOMDISTBinomial probability (the older form of BINOM.DIST)
  • BITANDBits set in both of two whole numbers
  • BITLSHIFTA whole number with its bits moved left by a given count
  • BITORBits set in either of two whole numbers
  • BITRSHIFTA whole number with its bits moved right by a given count
  • BITXORBits set in exactly one of two whole numbers
  • BYCOLOne result per column, from a LAMBDA called on each column
  • BYROWOne result per row, from a LAMBDA called on each row

C

  • CALLRuns a procedure from a code library (DLL) and gives back its result
  • CEILINGNumber rounded up, away from zero, to a multiple of the significance
  • CEILING.MATHNumber rounded up to a multiple of the significance, with a choice of direction for negative numbers
  • CEILING.PRECISENumber rounded up toward plus infinity to a multiple of the significance, whatever its sign
  • CELLA fact about a cell, such as its address, format, contents or width
  • CHARCharacter with a given code in the system character set
  • CHIDISTRight-tail probability of the chi-squared distribution (older form)
  • CHIINVInverse of the right-tail chi-squared probability (older form)
  • CHISQ.DISTChi-squared distribution: the density or the left-tail probability
  • CHISQ.DIST.RTChi-squared upper-tail probability, P(X > x)
  • CHISQ.INVThe value at which the left-tail chi-squared probability reaches a given level
  • CHISQ.INV.RTThe value at which the right-tail chi-squared probability falls to a given level
  • CHISQ.TESTChi-squared test of independence between observed and expected counts, as a probability
  • CHITESTChi-squared test of independence (older form of CHISQ.TEST)
  • CHOOSEThe value at a given position in a list of arguments
  • CHOOSECOLSSelected columns of an array, in the order asked for
  • CHOOSEROWSSelected rows of an array, in the order asked for
  • CLEANText with the non-printing control characters taken out
  • CODECode of the first character of a text in the system character set
  • COLUMNColumn number of the first cell of a reference (of the formula's cell when left out)
  • COLUMNSHow many columns an array or reference has
  • COMBINNumber of ways to pick k items from n when order does not matter
  • COMBINANumber of ways to pick k items from n when items may repeat and order does not matter
  • COMPLEXA complex number written as text from its real and imaginary parts
  • CONCATAll the texts of the arguments and ranges joined end to end
  • CONCATENATETwo or more texts joined end to end
  • CONFIDENCEHalf-width of a normal confidence interval for a mean (older form)
  • CONFIDENCE.NORMHalf-width of a confidence interval for a mean, from the normal distribution
  • CONFIDENCE.THalf-width of a confidence interval for a mean, from Student's t distribution
  • CONVERTA measurement converted from one unit to another
  • COPILOTText generated by Copilot from a prompt and optional cell context
  • CORRELPearson correlation coefficient of two data sets
  • COSCosine of an angle in radians
  • COSHHyperbolic cosine
  • COTCotangent of an angle in radians
  • COTHHyperbolic cotangent
  • COUNTHow many of the values are numbers
  • COUNTAHow many of the values are not empty
  • COUNTBLANKHow many cells of a range are empty
  • COUNTIFHow many cells meet one condition
  • COUNTIFSHow many cells meet every one of several conditions
  • COUPDAYBSDays from the start of the coupon period to the settlement date
  • COUPDAYSDays in the coupon period that holds the settlement date
  • COUPDAYSNCDays left from settlement until the coupon date that follows it
  • COUPNCDCoupon date that follows the settlement date
  • COUPNUMNumber of coupons still to be paid between settlement and maturity
  • COUPPCDLast coupon date on or before the settlement date
  • COVARPopulation covariance of two data sets (older form)
  • COVARIANCE.PCovariance of two data sets taken as a whole population
  • COVARIANCE.SCovariance of two data sets taken as a sample
  • CRITBINOMFewest successes whose cumulative binomial probability reaches a target (older form)
  • CSCCosecant of an angle in radians
  • CSCHHyperbolic cosecant
  • CUBEKPIMEMBERA key performance indicator property of an OLAP cube
  • CUBEMEMBERA member or tuple of an OLAP cube, if it exists
  • CUBEMEMBERPROPERTYA property of a member of an OLAP cube
  • CUBERANKEDMEMBERThe member at a given rank in a set from an OLAP cube
  • CUBESETA set of members or tuples computed by an OLAP cube server
  • CUBESETCOUNTHow many items a cube set holds
  • CUBEVALUEAn aggregated value from an OLAP cube
  • CUMIPMTTotal interest paid on a loan between two periods
  • CUMPRINCPrincipal repaid on a loan from one period to another, added up

D

  • DATESerial date number for a year, month and day
  • DATEDIFWhole days, months or years between two dates
  • DATEVALUESerial date number read from a date written as text
  • DAVERAGEMean of a database column over the records that match the criteria
  • DAYDay of the month (1 to 31) of a date
  • DAYSNumber of days from one date to another
  • DAYS360Days between two dates counted with twelve 30-day months
  • DBFixed-declining-balance depreciation of an asset for one period
  • DBCSText with half-width (single-byte) characters turned into their full-width forms
  • DCOUNTHow many numbers a database column holds in the records that match the criteria
  • DCOUNTAHow many non-empty entries a database column holds in the matching records
  • DDBDouble-declining-balance (or other factor) depreciation for one period
  • DEC2BINDecimal number written in binary
  • DEC2HEXDecimal number written in hexadecimal
  • DEC2OCTDecimal number written in octal
  • DECIMALValue of a number written as text in a given base
  • DEGREESAngle in radians expressed in degrees
  • DELTA1 when two numbers are equal, otherwise 0
  • DETECTLANGUAGECode of the language a text is written in
  • DEVSQSum of the squared distances of the values from their mean
  • DGETThe one value of a database column that matches the criteria
  • DISCYearly discount rate implied by a security's price and redemption value
  • DMAXLargest value of a database column over the matching records
  • DMINSmallest value of a database column over the matching records
  • DOLLARA number as currency text, rounded to a number of decimals
  • DOLLARDEA price quoted as a fraction (such as 1.02 for 1 2/16) as a decimal number
  • DOLLARFRA decimal price written as a whole part and a fraction of a given denominator
  • DPRODUCTProduct of a database column over the matching records
  • DROPAn array with a number of rows or columns removed from its start or end
  • DSTDEVSample standard deviation of a database column over the matching records
  • DSTDEVPPopulation standard deviation of a database column over the matching records
  • DSUMTotal of a database column over the matching records
  • DURATIONMacaulay duration of a security with periodic coupons, in years
  • DVARSample variance of a database column over the matching records
  • DVARPPopulation variance of a database column over the matching records

E

  • ECMA.CEILINGRounds a number up to a multiple, the form kept for ECMA-376 workbooks
  • EDATEDate a number of months before or after a start date
  • EFFECTEffective annual rate from a nominal rate and the compounding periods per year
  • ENCODEURLText made safe for a URL by percent-encoding
  • EOMONTHLast day of the month a number of months before or after a date
  • ERFError function, integrated between two limits or from 0
  • ERF.PRECISEError function integrated from 0 to x
  • ERFCComplementary error function, 1 - ERF(x)
  • ERFC.PRECISEComplementary error function integrated from x to infinity
  • ERROR.TYPENumber identifying which error value a cell holds
  • EUROCONVERTAn amount converted between euro member currencies through the euro
  • EVENNumber rounded away from zero to an even whole number
  • EXACTTRUE when two texts are identical, letter case included
  • EXPe raised to a power
  • EXPANDAn array padded out to a given number of rows and columns
  • EXPON.DISTExponential distribution: the density or the cumulative probability
  • EXPONDISTExponential distribution (older form of EXPON.DIST)

F

  • F.DISTF distribution: the density or the left-tail probability
  • F.DIST.RTRight-tail probability of the F distribution
  • F.INVThe value at which the left-tail F probability reaches a given level
  • F.INV.RTThe value at which the right-tail F probability falls to a given level
  • F.TESTTwo-tailed probability that two samples' variances do not differ
  • FACTFactorial: the product 1 x 2 x ... x n
  • FACTDOUBLEDouble factorial: the product of every second number down from n
  • FALSEThe logical value FALSE
  • FDISTRight-tail probability of the F distribution (older form)
  • FIELDVALUEA named field of a linked data type
  • FILTERThe rows or columns of an array for which a condition holds
  • FILTERXMLValues picked out of XML text by an XPath expression
  • FINDPosition of one text inside another, case-sensitive
  • FINDBPosition of one text inside another, case-sensitive, counted in bytes for double-byte languages
  • FINVInverse of the right-tail F probability (older form)
  • FISHERFisher transformation of a correlation, artanh(x)
  • FISHERINVInverse Fisher transformation, tanh(y)
  • FIXEDA number as text with a fixed number of decimals, with or without thousands separators
  • FLATTENRemoves nesting layers from an array
  • FLOORNumber rounded down, toward zero, to a multiple of the significance
  • FLOOR.MATHNumber rounded down to a multiple of the significance, with a choice of direction for negative numbers
  • FLOOR.PRECISENumber rounded down toward minus infinity to a multiple of the significance, whatever its sign
  • FORECASTValue predicted for x on the least-squares line through the known points
  • FORECAST.ETSFuture value by exponential triple smoothing
  • FORECAST.ETS.CONFINTConfidence interval of an exponential triple smoothing forecast
  • FORECAST.ETS.SEASONALITYLength of the repeating pattern found in a time series
  • FORECAST.ETS.STATA statistic of an exponential triple smoothing forecast
  • FORECAST.LINEARValue predicted for x on the least-squares line through the known points
  • FORMULATEXTThe formula of a cell, as text
  • FREQUENCYHow many values fall into each bin, as a vertical array
  • FTESTTwo-tailed F-test probability (older form of F.TEST)
  • FVFuture value of an investment with fixed periodic payments and a fixed rate
  • FVSCHEDULEFuture value of a principal grown by a series of interest rates

G

  • GAMMAGamma function
  • GAMMA.DISTGamma distribution: the density or the cumulative probability
  • GAMMA.INVThe value at which the cumulative gamma distribution reaches a given probability
  • GAMMADISTGamma distribution (older form of GAMMA.DIST)
  • GAMMAINVInverse of the cumulative gamma distribution (older form)
  • GAMMALNNatural logarithm of the gamma function
  • GAMMALN.PRECISENatural logarithm of the gamma function
  • GAUSSProbability that a standard normal value lies between 0 and z
  • GCDGreatest common divisor of whole numbers
  • GEOMEANGeometric mean: the n-th root of the product of n positive values
  • GESTEP1 when a number is at least the step value, otherwise 0
  • GETPIVOTDATAA value read out of a PivotTable report
  • GROUPBYA summary table with values aggregated by the groups of one or more row fields
  • GROWTHValues predicted on the exponential curve fitted to known data

H

  • HARMEANHarmonic mean: n divided by the sum of the reciprocals
  • HASWhether a value appears in an array
  • HASALLWhether all of the values appear in an array
  • HASANYWhether any of the values appear in an array
  • HEX2BINHexadecimal number written in binary
  • HEX2DECDecimal value of a hexadecimal number given as text
  • HEX2OCTHexadecimal number written in octal
  • HLOOKUPA value from a given row of a table, in the column found by searching the top row
  • HOURHour (0 to 23) of a time
  • HSTACKArrays placed side by side into one array
  • HYPERLINKA clickable link to a document or web address, shown with a label
  • HYPGEOM.DISTHypergeometric distribution: the chance of k successes in a sample drawn without replacement
  • HYPGEOMDISTHypergeometric probability (older form)

I

  • IFOne of two values, chosen by whether a condition is TRUE
  • IFERRORThe value of an expression, or a fallback when it is an error
  • IFNAThe value of an expression, or a fallback when it is #N/A
  • IFSThe value paired with the first condition that is TRUE
  • IMABSModulus (absolute value) of a complex number
  • IMAGEA picture from a web address shown inside the cell
  • IMAGINARYImaginary part of a complex number
  • IMARGUMENTArgument (angle in radians) of a complex number
  • IMCONJUGATEComplex conjugate of a complex number
  • IMCOSCosine of a complex number
  • IMCOSHHyperbolic cosine of a complex number
  • IMCOTCotangent of a complex number
  • IMCSCCosecant of a complex number
  • IMCSCHHyperbolic cosecant of a complex number
  • IMDIVQuotient of two complex numbers
  • IMEXPe raised to a complex power
  • IMLNNatural logarithm of a complex number
  • IMLOG10Base-10 logarithm of a complex number
  • IMLOG2Base-2 logarithm of a complex number
  • IMPORTCSVLoads a CSV file into a refreshable array
  • IMPORTTEXTLoads a delimited or fixed-width text file into a refreshable array
  • IMPOWERA complex number raised to a real power
  • IMPRODUCTProduct of complex numbers
  • IMREALReal part of a complex number
  • IMSECSecant of a complex number
  • IMSECHHyperbolic secant of a complex number
  • IMSINSine of a complex number
  • IMSINHHyperbolic sine of a complex number
  • IMSQRTPrincipal square root of a complex number
  • IMSUBOne complex number minus another
  • IMSUMSum of complex numbers
  • IMTANTangent of a complex number
  • INDEXThe value or reference at a given row and column of an array or range
  • INDIRECTThe reference that a text names
  • INFOA fact about the environment Excel runs in, such as the version or the system
  • INTNumber rounded down to a whole number
  • INTERCEPTWhere the least-squares line through the known points crosses the y-axis
  • INTRATEInterest rate of a security bought and redeemed at given amounts
  • IPMTInterest part of one payment on a loan or investment
  • IRRRate at which a series of periodic cash flows has a net present value of zero
  • ISBLANKTRUE when the cell is empty
  • ISERRTRUE for any error value other than #N/A
  • ISERRORTRUE for any error value
  • ISEVENTRUE when the whole part of a number is even
  • ISFORMULATRUE when the cell holds a formula
  • ISLOGICALTRUE when the value is TRUE or FALSE
  • ISNATRUE when the value is #N/A
  • ISNONTEXTTRUE when the value is anything but text
  • ISNUMBERTRUE when the value is a number
  • ISO.CEILINGNumber rounded up toward plus infinity to a multiple of the significance (ISO form)
  • ISODDTRUE when the whole part of a number is odd
  • ISOMITTEDTRUE when a LAMBDA parameter was left out of the call
  • ISOWEEKNUMISO 8601 week number of a date
  • ISPMTInterest paid in one period of a loan repaid in equal principal parts
  • ISREFTRUE when the value is a reference
  • ISTEXTTRUE when the value is text

J

  • JISText with half-width (single-byte) characters turned into their full-width forms

K

  • KURTSample excess kurtosis: how heavy the tails of the data are

L

  • LAMBDAA function defined in the formula from parameters and a calculation
  • LARGEThe k-th largest value
  • LCMLeast common multiple of whole numbers
  • LEFTThe first characters of a text
  • LEFTBThe first characters of a text, counted in bytes for double-byte languages
  • LENText length in characters
  • LENBNumber of bytes a text takes in double-byte languages
  • LETA calculation that names intermediate results and uses them
  • LINESTCoefficients and statistics of the least-squares linear fit
  • LNNatural logarithm
  • LOGLogarithm in a given base (10 when the base is left out)
  • LOG10Base-10 logarithm
  • LOGESTCoefficients and statistics of the exponential curve fitted to the data
  • LOGINVInverse of the cumulative lognormal distribution (older form)
  • LOGNORM.DISTLognormal distribution: the density or the cumulative probability
  • LOGNORM.INVThe value at which the cumulative lognormal distribution reaches a given probability
  • LOGNORMDISTCumulative lognormal probability (older form)
  • LOOKUPA value found by searching one row or column, taken from the matching place in another
  • LOWERText in lower case

M

  • MAKEARRAYAn array of a given size whose items a LAMBDA computes from row and column
  • MAPAn array of the results of a LAMBDA applied to each item of the given arrays
  • MATCHPosition of a value within a row or column
  • MAXLargest of the numbers
  • MAXALargest value, counting text as 0 and logical values as 1 or 0
  • MAXIFSLargest value among the cells that meet every condition
  • MDETERMDeterminant of a square matrix
  • MDURATIONModified duration of a security with periodic coupons
  • MEDIANMiddle value of the numbers once sorted
  • MIDCharacters from the middle of a text, from a start position for a given length
  • MIDBCharacters from the middle of a text, counted in bytes for double-byte languages
  • MINSmallest of the numbers
  • MINASmallest value, counting text as 0 and logical values as 1 or 0
  • MINIFSSmallest value among the cells that meet every condition
  • MINUTEMinute (0 to 59) of a time
  • MINVERSEInverse of a square matrix
  • MIRRInternal rate of return with separate finance and reinvestment rates
  • MMULTMatrix multiplication: rows of the first array times columns of the second
  • MODRemainder after division, with the sign of the divisor
  • MODEMost frequent number (older form)
  • MODE.MULTAll the most frequent numbers, as a vertical array
  • MODE.SNGLMost frequent number
  • MONTHMonth (1 to 12) of a date
  • MROUNDNumber rounded to the nearest multiple of another
  • MULTINOMIALMultinomial coefficient: (a + b + ...)! / (a! b! ...)
  • MUNITIdentity matrix of a given size

N

  • NA value as a number: numbers as they are, dates as serials, TRUE as 1, everything else 0
  • NAThe error value #N/A
  • NEGBINOM.DISTNegative binomial distribution: the chance of f failures before the s-th success
  • NEGBINOMDISTNegative binomial probability (older form)
  • NETWORKDAYSWorking days between two dates, leaving out weekends and listed holidays
  • NETWORKDAYS.INTLWorking days between two dates with a chosen weekend and listed holidays
  • NOMINALNominal annual rate from an effective rate and the compounding periods per year
  • NORM.DISTNormal distribution with a given mean and standard deviation: density or cumulative
  • NORM.INVThe value at which the cumulative normal distribution reaches a given probability
  • NORM.S.DISTStandard normal distribution: density or cumulative
  • NORM.S.INVThe z at which the cumulative standard normal distribution reaches a given probability
  • NORMDISTNormal distribution (older form of NORM.DIST)
  • NORMINVInverse of the cumulative normal distribution (older form)
  • NORMSDISTCumulative standard normal probability (older form)
  • NORMSINVInverse of the cumulative standard normal distribution (older form)
  • NOTThe opposite logical value
  • NOWCurrent date and time as a serial number
  • NPERNumber of periods needed to pay off a loan or reach a target value
  • NPVNet present value of periodic cash flows at a discount rate
  • NUMBERVALUENumber read from text with the given decimal and group separators

O

  • OCT2BINOctal number written in binary
  • OCT2DECDecimal value of an octal number given as text
  • OCT2HEXOctal number written in hexadecimal
  • ODDNumber rounded away from zero to an odd whole number
  • ODDFPRICEPrice per 100 face value of a security whose first period is irregular
  • ODDFYIELDYield of a security whose first period is irregular
  • ODDLPRICEPrice per 100 face value of a security whose last period is irregular
  • ODDLYIELDYield of a security whose last period is irregular
  • OFFSETA reference shifted by rows and columns from a start, optionally resized
  • ORTRUE when at least one argument is TRUE

Operators

P

  • PDURATIONNumber of periods an investment needs to grow to a target value at a fixed rate
  • PEARSONPearson correlation coefficient of two data sets
  • PERCENTILEValue at a given percentile, inclusive of 0 and 1 (older form)
  • PERCENTILE.EXCValue at a given percentile, with 0 and 1 excluded
  • PERCENTILE.INCValue at a given percentile, with 0 and 1 included
  • PERCENTOFShare of a subset in a total, as a fraction
  • PERCENTRANKRelative standing of a value in a data set, as a fraction (older form)
  • PERCENTRANK.EXCRelative standing of a value in a data set, with 0 and 1 excluded
  • PERCENTRANK.INCRelative standing of a value in a data set, with 0 and 1 included
  • PERMUTNumber of ordered arrangements of k items chosen from n
  • PERMUTATIONANumber of ordered arrangements of k items from n when items may repeat: n to the power k
  • PHIDensity of the standard normal distribution at z
  • PHONETICThe phonetic (furigana) reading stored with Japanese text
  • PIThe constant pi, 3.14159265358979
  • PIVOTBYA cross-tab of values aggregated by row groups and column groups
  • PMTFixed payment per period that pays off a loan at a fixed rate
  • POISSONPoisson probability (older form of POISSON.DIST)
  • POISSON.DISTPoisson distribution: the chance of a number of events, as a single value or cumulative
  • POWERA number raised to a power
  • PPMTPrincipal part of one payment on a loan or investment
  • PRICEPrice per 100 face value of a security with periodic coupons
  • PRICEDISCPrice, per 100 of face value, of a security sold at a discount
  • PRICEMATPrice, per 100 of face value, of a security whose interest is all paid at maturity
  • PROBProbability that values in a range fall between two limits, from their probabilities
  • PRODUCTProduct of the numbers
  • PROPERText with the first letter of each word in upper case and the rest in lower case
  • PVPresent value of an investment with fixed periodic payments and a fixed rate
  • PYRuns Python in Microsoft's cloud runtime

Q

  • QUARTILEA quartile of a data set, inclusive (older form)
  • QUARTILE.EXCA quartile of a data set, from percentiles with 0 and 1 excluded
  • QUARTILE.INCA quartile of a data set, from percentiles with 0 and 1 included
  • QUOTIENTWhole-number part of a division

R

  • RADIANSAngle in degrees expressed in radians
  • RANDA random number from 0 up to but not including 1, new at each recalculation
  • RANDARRAYAn array of random numbers of a given size, within limits, whole or decimal
  • RANDBETWEENA random whole number between two limits, new at each recalculation
  • RANKRank of a number in a list (older form of RANK.EQ)
  • RANK.AVGRank of a number in a list, with tied values sharing their average rank
  • RANK.EQRank of a number in a list, with tied values sharing the top rank
  • RATEInterest rate per period that makes the payments match the present and future values
  • RECEIVEDRedemption amount of a security bought at a price and held to maturity at a discount rate
  • REDUCEA running total built by a LAMBDA over each item of an array, giving the final value
  • REGEXEXTRACTText matched by a regular expression
  • REGEXREPLACEText with the matches of a regular expression replaced
  • REGEXTESTTRUE when a text matches a regular expression
  • REGISTER.IDIdentifier of a registered procedure in a code library (DLL)
  • REPLACEText with a span of characters replaced by other text
  • REPLACEBText with a span of bytes replaced by other text, for double-byte languages
  • REPTA text repeated a number of times
  • RIGHTThe last characters of a text
  • RIGHTBThe last characters of a text, counted in bytes for double-byte languages
  • ROMANA number written as a Roman numeral, in one of several styles
  • ROUNDNumber rounded to a number of digits
  • ROUNDDOWNNumber rounded toward zero to a number of digits
  • ROUNDUPNumber rounded away from zero to a number of digits
  • ROWRow number of the first cell of a reference (of the formula's cell when left out)
  • ROWSHow many rows an array or reference has
  • RRIEquivalent rate per period for an investment to grow from a present to a future value
  • RSQSquare of the Pearson correlation coefficient of two data sets
  • RTDLive data from a program that supports real-time data (COM automation)

S

  • SCANEvery intermediate value of a running calculation by a LAMBDA over an array
  • SEARCHPosition of one text inside another, ignoring letter case and allowing wildcards
  • SEARCHBPosition of one text inside another, ignoring case, counted in bytes for double-byte languages
  • SECSecant of an angle in radians
  • SECHHyperbolic secant
  • SECONDSecond (0 to 59) of a time
  • SEQUENCEAn array of evenly spaced numbers of a given size
  • SERIESSUMSum of a power series with given coefficients
  • SHEETNumber of the sheet a reference or name points to
  • SHEETSNumber of sheets in a reference or in the workbook
  • SIGN1 for a positive number, 0 for zero, -1 for a negative number
  • SINSine of an angle in radians
  • SINHHyperbolic sine
  • SKEWSample skewness: how lopsided the data are around their mean
  • SKEW.PPopulation skewness
  • SLNDepreciation per period by the straight-line method
  • SLOPESlope of the least-squares line through the known points
  • SMALLThe k-th smallest value
  • SORTThe contents of an array in sorted order
  • SORTBYAn array sorted by the values of other arrays
  • SQRTSquare root of a number that is zero or more
  • SQRTPISquare root of a number times pi
  • STANDARDIZEz-score: distance from the mean in standard deviations
  • STDEVSample standard deviation (older form)
  • STDEV.PStandard deviation of a whole population
  • STDEV.SStandard deviation of a sample
  • STDEVASample standard deviation counting text as 0 and logical values as 1 or 0
  • STDEVPPopulation standard deviation (older form)
  • STDEVPAPopulation standard deviation counting text as 0 and logical values as 1 or 0
  • STEYXStandard error of the y values predicted by the least-squares line
  • STOCKHISTORYHistorical prices of a financial instrument over a date range
  • SUBSTITUTEText with occurrences of one text replaced by another
  • SUBTOTALA summary (sum, count, average and more) of a range that skips nested subtotals
  • SUMTotal of the numbers
  • SUMIFTotal of the cells that meet one condition
  • SUMIFSTotal of the cells that meet every one of several conditions
  • SUMPRODUCTSum of the products of matching items of arrays
  • SUMSQSquares of the numbers, added up
  • SUMX2MY2Sum of x squared minus y squared over matching items
  • SUMX2PY2Sum of x squared plus y squared over matching items
  • SUMXMY2Sum of the squared differences of matching items
  • SWITCHThe result paired with the first value that equals the expression, or a default
  • SYDSum-of-years'-digits depreciation for one period

T

  • TThe value when it is text, otherwise empty text
  • T.DISTStudent's t distribution: the density or the left-tail probability
  • T.DIST.2TTwo-tailed probability of Student's t distribution
  • T.DIST.RTRight-tail probability of Student's t distribution
  • T.INVThe t at which the left-tail probability reaches a given level
  • T.INV.2TThe t at which the two-tailed probability falls to a given level
  • T.TESTProbability from Student's t-test that two samples have the same mean
  • TAKERows or columns kept from the start or end of an array
  • TANTangent of an angle in radians
  • TANHHyperbolic tangent
  • TBILLEQTreasury bill yield restated as a bond-equivalent yield
  • TBILLPRICETreasury bill price per 100 of face value, from its discount rate
  • TBILLYIELDTreasury bill yield, from its price
  • TDISTStudent's t probability, one- or two-tailed (older form)
  • TEXTA value as text, in a number format
  • TEXTAFTERThe part of a text after a delimiter
  • TEXTBEFOREThe part of a text before a delimiter
  • TEXTJOINTexts joined with a delimiter, optionally skipping empty ones
  • TEXTSPLITA text split into rows and columns at delimiters
  • TIMETime serial (fraction of a day) for an hour, minute and second
  • TIMEVALUETime serial read from a time written as text
  • TINVTwo-tailed inverse of Student's t distribution (older form)
  • TOCOLThe items of an array in one column
  • TODAYCurrent date as a serial number
  • TOROWThe items of an array in one row
  • TRANSLATEA text translated from one language to another
  • TRANSPOSEAn array with rows and columns swapped
  • TRENDValues predicted on the least-squares line fitted to known data
  • TRIMText with spaces removed at both ends and runs of spaces inside cut to one
  • TRIMMEANMean of the data after cutting a share of the values from both ends
  • TRIMRANGEA range with its empty outer rows and columns cut away
  • TRUEThe logical value TRUE
  • TRUNCNumber cut to a number of digits by dropping the rest
  • TTESTStudent's t-test probability (older form of T.TEST)
  • TYPENumber saying what kind of value an argument is

U

  • UNICHARCharacter with a given Unicode code point
  • UNICODEUnicode code point of the first character of a text
  • UNIQUEThe distinct rows or columns of an array, or those that occur only once
  • UPPERText in upper case

V

  • VALUENumber read from text
  • VALUETOTEXTText for any value, in a concise or a formula-ready form
  • VARSample variance (older form)
  • VAR.PVariance of a whole population
  • VAR.SVariance of a sample
  • VARASample variance counting text as 0 and logical values as 1 or 0
  • VARPPopulation variance (older form)
  • VARPAPopulation variance counting text as 0 and logical values as 1 or 0
  • VDBDeclining-balance depreciation over any span of periods, with an optional switch to straight line
  • VLOOKUPA value from a given column of a table, in the row found by searching the first column
  • VSTACKArrays placed one above another into one array

W

  • WEBSERVICEText fetched from a web service at a URL
  • WEEKDAYDay of the week of a date, as a number
  • WEEKNUMWeek of the year a date falls in
  • WEIBULLWeibull probability (older form of WEIBULL.DIST)
  • WEIBULL.DISTWeibull distribution: the density or the cumulative probability
  • WORKDAYDate a number of working days before or after a start date, skipping weekends and holidays
  • WORKDAY.INTLDate a number of working days away, with a chosen weekend and listed holidays
  • WRAPCOLSA row or column of values folded into columns of a given length
  • WRAPROWSA row or column of values folded into rows of a given length

X

  • XIRRRate at which cash flows on given dates have a net present value of zero
  • XLOOKUPThe item matching a search in one array, taken from another, with a fallback and match options
  • XMATCHPosition of a value in an array, with match and search options
  • XNPVNet present value of cash flows on given dates
  • XORTRUE when an odd number of the arguments are TRUE

Y

  • YEARYear of a date
  • YEARFRACFraction of a year between two dates under a day-count basis
  • YIELDYield of a security with periodic coupons
  • YIELDDISCAnnual yield of a discounted security
  • YIELDMATYearly yield of a security whose interest is all paid at maturity

Z

  • Z.TESTOne-tailed probability of a z-test for a sample mean
  • ZTESTOne-tailed z-test probability (older form of Z.TEST)